Imiti nuburyo bwo gukuraho Ammonia azote mumazi

1. Ammonia azote ari iki?

Ammonia azote yerekeza kuri Amoni muburyo bwa ammonia yubusa (cyangwa ammoniic ammonia, NH3) cyangwa Ionic Ammonia (NH4 +). PH hamwe na PH hamwe na Ammonia nyinshi; Ibinyuranye nibyo, igipimo cya amonium umunyu ni kinini.

Ammonia azote ni intungamubiri mumazi, ishobora kuganisha ku kurohama amazi, kandi ni ogisijeni yaka umuriro mu mazi, akaba ari uburozi kuroba n'ibinyabuzima bimwe by'amacakubiri.

Ingaruka nyamukuru za ammonia ya ammonia kubinyabuzima byamazi nimyoniya yubusa, uburozi bwe ni ibihe byinshi biruta icyamuminu, kandi byiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwa alMinuty. Uburozi bwa ammonia nitrogen bufitanye isano rya bugufi nagaciro ka PH no ku bushyuhe bw'amazi by'amazi y'ibidendezi amazi, muri rusange, hejuru yagaciro ya PH n'ubushyuhe bw'amazi, akomeye ubushyuhe bw'amazi.

Uburyo bubiri bugereranijwe nuburyo bukunze gukoreshwa kugirango hamenyekane Ammonia nuburyo bwa kera bwa nessler reagent hamwe nuburyo bwa phenol-hypochlorite. Amazina n'amashanyarazi nabyo bikunze gukoreshwa kugirango hamenyekane Ammonia; Ibirimo ampine ya ammonia ni byinshi, uburyo bwo gutwita no gutondekana burashobora no gukoreshwa. .

2.Imiti ya azote ya azongen

Uburyo bwo Kwikomeretsa Imiti

Uburyo bw'imvura bw'imiti, buzwi kandi ku buryo bwo kwamapiki ikarita, ni ukukongeraho acide ya Magnesicuri cyangwa hydroric formetan, ku buryo NH4 + mu gihirahiro cya Magnia kugirango tugere ku ntego yo gukuraho Amoni azote. Magnesium AmoniUmium The Magnehate, bikunze kwitwa Struvite, birashobora gukoreshwa nkifumbire, ubutaka bwongerera imbaraga cyangwa guhamagarwa kwubaka ibicuruzwa. Kugereranya reaction ni nkibi bikurikira:

Mg ++ nh4 + + po4 - = mgn4p04

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku ngaruka zo kwivuza z'imvura ya chimique ni agaciro k ph, ubushyuhe, ammonia nitrogen kwibanda hamwe na molar; n (p04-). Ibisubizo byerekana ko igihe PH agaciro ari 10 na molar ya magneyium, azote na fosifore ni 1.2: 1: 1.2, ingaruka zinvuza ni nziza.

Gukoresha magnesium chloride na disduron fostware nkamafaranga yo guciriritse, ibisubizo byerekana ko ingaruka zihanga ari nziza mugihe cyamamare ari 9.5 nigipimo cyagaciro cya Magnesium, azote na fosifori na fosifori ni 1.2: 1: 1.

Ibisubizo byerekana ko MGC12 + NA3PO4.1220 iruta izindi ngingo yo kwindukira. Iyo agaciro ph ari 10.0, ubushyuhe buri 30 ℃, n (mg +): n (n (p04)

Uburyo bw'imvura n'imiti hamwe nuburyo bwa Membrane Uburyo bwahujwe no kuvura amazi yinganda za Ammonia andmoniya ndende. Mubihe byo guhitamo gahunda yimvura, igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azon cyageze kuri 98.1%, hanyuma, hanyuma bikabura uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi yagabanije kuri 0.005G / L, kugera ku gipimo cy'igihugu cya mbere cy'igihugu.

Ingaruka zo gukuraho zo gutwita ion (ni +, mn +, ZN +, Cu +, FO +) usibye MG + kuri Ammonia azote ikorerwa iperereza. Inzira nshya yo kugwa kwa Caso4-ikarita yasabwe kubera amazi ya amimonium. Ibisubizo byerekana ko naoh Regilator ishobora gusimburwa na lime.

Inyungu yuburyo bwo kwamavura imiti ni uko mugihe ubushishozi bwa Ammoniya azote amazi ari hejuru, uburyo bumwe bugarukira, ubundi buryo bwo guturika, ahantu h'imiti ya membrane, uburyo bwo kwikuramo imiti, uburyo bwo kwamati yimiti burashobora gukoreshwa mugukora. Gukuraho uburyo bwo kwikuramo uburyo bwiza bwimvura ni bwiza, kandi ntabwo bugarukira kubushyuhe, kandi ibikorwa biroroshye. Impimuro yimvura irimo MagneImium The Magnemite irashobora gukoreshwa nkifumbire ihuriweho no kumenya imyanda, bityo igashira igice cyikiguzi; Niba bishobora guhuzwa nibigo bimwe na bimwe byinganda bitanga amazi n'inzego za fosige bitanga brine, birashobora kuzigama ibiciro byimiti no koroshya porogaramu nini.

Ibibi by'ingwate by'imvura ya chimique ni uko bitewe no kubuza umusaruro wo gukemurwa kwa amnestium magnesium magnesium, nyuma yuko Amoni azote mu buryo butagaragara, ingaruka zo gukuraho ntabwo zigaragara cyane. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwimvura bwimiti bugomba gukoreshwa hamwe nubundi buryo bubereye kuvurwa kwambere. Umubare w'indaya ikoreshwa ni munini, sludge yakozwe ni nini, kandi igiciro cyo kuvura ni kinini. Intangiriro ya chloride ion hamwe na fosifori isigaye mugihe imiti irashobora gutuma byoroshye umwanda wisumbuye.

Indaya ya Aluminum Uruganda rukora kandi utanga | Burigihe (cnchemist.com)

Undesic Dibasic Madamu PhoSphate Uruganda nabatanga | Burigihe (cnchemist.com)

②blow uburyo

Gukuraho Ammonia azote muburyo bwo kuvuza ni uguhindura agaciro PH kuri Alkaline, kugirango Ammonia yubusa asohoka mu mazi ya Ammoni, hanyuma ikurwa ahanini muburyo bwa Amoni. Ibintu nyamukuru bireba imikorere ya FRUCTION ni agaciro ka PH, ubushyuhe, igipimo cya gaze, igipimo cya gazi, kwibanda kwambere nibindi. Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwo guhubuka bukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura amazi yangiritse hamwe na ammonia yibanze kuri ammonia azote.

Gukuraho Ammonia azote kuva hasi ya Landfill Leachate nuburyo bwo guhanura bwarizwe. Byasanze ko ibintu by'ingenzi bigenzura imikorere yo guhuha byari ubushyuhe, gaze-amazi angana na PH. Iyo ubushyuhe bwamazi burenze 2590, igipimo cya gaze gifite imyaka 3500, kandi PH ni 7.5, igipimo cyo gukuraho kirashobora kugera kuri 90% kuri leachate zirenga 90% hamwe na ammonie azote yibanda kuri 2000-49MG / L. Ibisubizo byerekana ko iyo PH = 11.5, kwiyambura ubushyuhe ni 80cc kandi ni 120mina, igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azote mu mazi 99.2%.

Kuvuka-Kubara neza kwibandaho Ammonia Nittrogen yakorewe mu munara uhuza. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko imikorere yo guturika yiyongereye hamwe no kwiyongera kwa PH. Ikigereranyo kinini cya gaze-amazi ni, imbaraga zitera ibinyabiziga za ammonia ziyambura imbaga ni, kandi imikorere yo kwiyambura nayo iriyongera.

Gukuraho Ammonia azote muburyo bwo kuvuza bufite akamaro, byoroshye gukora no kuboroshya kugenzura. Ammonia ampia azote irashobora gukoreshwa nkubushake bwa aside sulfuric, kandi amafaranga yakozwe na sulfuric yateje sulfuric arashobora gukoreshwa nkifumbire. Uburyo bwo guhubuka ni tekinoroji yakoreshejwe mu kuvana na azodeni z'umubiri na chimique kuri ubu. Ariko, uburyo bwo guhubuka bufite ingaruka zimwe, nko gupima inshuro nyinshi mumunara wa metero ya amimoni ya amimoni Uburyo bwo guhubuka muri rusange buhujwe nubundi buryo bwo kuvura amazi ya ammonia azote kugirango babe pretreat-ammoni animoni azote andhanan.

③break ingingo

Uburyo bwo gukuraho Ammoni yatandukanijwe na chlorionions ni uko gaze ya chlorine yifata kuri gaze ya amomoni itagira ingaruka, kandi N2 yatorotse mu kirere, bigatuma isoko rigenda rikomeza iburyo. Ihuriro ryinama ni:

HOCL NH4 + + 1.5 -> 0.5 n2 h ++ cl - 1.5 + 2.5)

Iyo gaze ya chlorine yimuriwe mumazi yamazi kugera kubintu runaka, ibikubiye muri chlorine yubusa mumazi ni bike, kandi kwibanda kuri Ammonia ni zeru. Igihe gaze ya chlorine yanyuze aho, umubare wa chlorine yubusa mumazi iziyongera rero, ingingo yitwa ikiruhuko, kandi icyayi cyitwa iyi leta cyitwa chloriwongos.

Uburyo bwa chlorinonononominonal yica bukoreshwa mugufata amazi yihungabana nyuma ya Ammonia nyuma ya Amoni ya Amoni Iyo 70% ya ammonia azote mumazi yakuweho no kuvuza ibintu hanyuma bivurwa nibishya byambukiranya ibipimo bya amoni Zhang shengli et al. Yafashe Amoni Yigana Ammonia azote Amazi hamwe na miliyoni 100Mg / l nk'ikintu cy'ubushakashatsi, kandi ibisubizo by'ubushakashatsi byerekana ko ibintu by'imiyoboro ya sodiimi kugera kuri Amoni kuri Amoni azote, igihe cyitwa

Uburyo bwa chlorinonononominonation yavukiyemo ifite imikorere miremire, igipimo cyo gukuraho kirashobora kugera 100%, kandi Amoni kwibanda ku mazi yamazi arashobora kugabanywa kuri zeru. Ingaruka zirahamye kandi ntizibasiwe n'ubushyuhe; Ibikoresho bike by'ishoramari, igisubizo cyihuse kandi cyuzuye; Ifite ingaruka zo kubonezanya no kwanduza umubiri wamazi. Umwanya wo gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwa chlorionation yavuyemo ni uko kwibanda kuri ammonia azote amazi atari munsi ya 40mg / l, bityo uburyo bwa chlorionation yakubiswe ahanini mugukora amazi ya ammonia azote. Icyifuzo cyo gukoresha neza nububiko kiri hejuru, ikiguzi cyo kuvura kiri hejuru, nibicuruzwa byibicuruzwa hamwe nibicuruzwa bya chlorinated nibitera umwanda wisumbuye.

Uburyo bwa Okitalytic

Uburyo bwa cataltic uburyo bunyuze mubikorwa bya catalyst, munsi yubushyuhe hamwe nigitutu cyamabaga, N2 na Amoni na H2O, kugirango bagere kuntego yo kwezwa.

Ibintu bireba ingaruka za okidetion ya kataletique ni ingenzi, ubushyuhe, igihe cyimyitwarire, agaciro ka PH, Ammonia nitrogen, igitutu, kikangura ubukana nibindi.

Inzira yo gutesha agaciro ya Ammonia Nitrogen yize. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko igihe PH agaciro kayongereye, ubwoko bwa Ho bwibasiwe nubushobozi bukomeye bwa okiside bwakozwe, kandi igipimo cya okiside cyari cyihuse cyane. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko Ozone ishobora kunyereza Ammonia azote kuri Nitrite na Nitrite kugirango nitrate. Imyitozo ya Amoniya ya Amoniya mu mazi igabanuka igihe cyo kwiyongera, kandi igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia nitrogen ni 82%. Cuo-Mn02-CE02 yakoreshejwe nkumusemburo uhuza ammonia azote azote azote. Ibisubizo byageragejwe byerekana ko ibikorwa bya okiside bya catalyst nshya byateguwe cyane, kandi imiterere ikwiye ni 255 ℃, 4.2MPA na PH = 10.8. Mu kuvura amazi ya ammonia azote hamwe na mbere yo kwibanda kuri 1023mg / l, igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azote kirashobora kugera kuri 98% muri 150mina, kugera kuri seliyari yigihugu (50mg / l).

Imikorere ya katailtike ya zeolite yashyigikiye Tio2 Photocatatage ikorwa iperereza wiga igipimo cyo gutesha agaciro Ammonia azote mu gisubizo cya Sulfuric. Ibisubizo byerekana ko igipimo cyiza cya Ti02 / Zeolite ifoto ya 1.5G / L hamwe nigihe cyimyitwarire ni 4h munsi ya ultraviolet. Igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azote kuva gutakaza amazi birashobora kugera kuri 98.92%. Ingaruka zo gukuraho icyuma na Nano-Chin munsi ya ultraviolet kuri fenol na ammonia nitrogen. Ibisubizo byerekana ko igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia Nitrogen ni 97.5% mugihe PH = 9.0 ikoreshwa kuri ammonia azote hamwe na 50mg / l, ari hejuru ya 7.8% kuruta icyuma kirenze.

Uburyo bwa cataltic bwerekana neza imikorere yo kweza cyane, inzira yoroshye, ahantu hato, nibindi bikoreshwa muguvura amazi menshi ya ammonia. Ingorabahizi ni uburyo bwo kubuza gutakaza igihorera no guhagarika ibikoresho.

Uburyo bwa Okiside

Uburyo bwa electrochemical uburyo bwo gukuraho imyanya mumazi ukoresheje amagorofa hamwe nibikorwa bya katailtic. Ingaruka zihindura ni ubucucike bwubu, urutonde rwibintu, igihe cyo hanze nigisubizo cyigihe.

Amashanyarazi ya electrochemical ya ammonia-azote mumashanyarazi azenguruka, aho ibyiza ari ti / ru02-bio2-ir> amashanyarazi nibibi byamashanyarazi. Ibisubizo byerekana ko mugihe chloride ion yibanda ku 400mg / l, amimoni ya mbere ni 20MG Irerekana ko okiside ya electrolytic ya ammonia-azote yamazi meza afite ibyiringiro byiza.

3. Inzira yo gukuraho ibinyabuzima

①ntu yose nitritrification no kwamagana

Inzira zose nitrification no gutwika nuburyo bwibinyabuzima bikoreshwa cyane mugihe kirekire kuri ubu. Ihindura Ammonia azote mu mazi yo mu mazi muri azote binyuze mu ruhererekane rw'ibitekerezo nk'imishinga y'amazi no kwamagana hagamijwe kuvurwa amazi. Inzira ya Nitrification no Gutandukana kugirango ukureho ammonia azote ikeneye kunyura mubyiciro bibiri:

Nitrific reaction: reaction ya nitrication irangiye na mikorobe ya aerobic aetrophic. Muri Leta ya Aerobic, azote inorundic ikoreshwa nka azote isoko yo guhindura NH4 + muri No2-, hanyuma irabinyuka kuri No3-. Inzira ya nitrification irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri. Mu cyiciro cya kabiri, Nitrite yahinduwe muri Nitrate (No3-) na Nitrite yahinduwe muri bagiteri, na Nitrite yahinduwe muri Nitrate (No3-) na Nitriard bagiteri.

Kwishura u Denaction: Reaction reaction ni inzira aho denitritrite ya bagiteri igabanya Nitrite azote na Nitrate azote kuri gaze azote (n2) muri leta ya hypoxia. Guhakana bagiteri ni mikorobe ya siterophique, ibyinshi muri bagiteri ya ampteric. Muri leta ya hypoxia, bakoresha ogisijeni muri Nitrate nka electron sernor hamwe nibintu kama (igice cya bod mumyanya) nka selegisi kugirango utange imbaraga kandi zikaba.

Inzira zose nitrification na denitrice yubwubatsi burimo Ao, A2O, umwobo, nibindi, nuburyo bukuze bukoreshwa mubijyanye n'inganda zishingiye ku biologiya.

Uburyo bwose bwa nitritrification nuwahakana bifite ibyiza byingaruka zihamye, imikorere yoroshye, nta wanduje umwanda wisumbuye nigiciro gito. Ubu buryo kandi bufite imbogamizi, nka gari ya karubone igomba kongerwaho mugihe C / N igipimo cyangiritse, kandi ibintu byangiza bikabije, kandi aho bikenewe cyane, hamwe nibikorwa bya ogisijeri biremereye, nibisabwa na ogisijeri ni birebire kuri mikorobe zirimo ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, kwibanda cyane kuri Ammonia azote mumazi yamazi nabyo afite ingaruka zibuza kuri nitrification. Kubwibyo, imyifatire ikwiye gukorwa mbere yo kuvura amazi menshi Ammonia andmoa andmoniya kugirango ibitekerezo bya Ammonia azote ari munsi ya 500mg / l. Uburyo bwa biologiya buke bukwiranye no kuvura amabuye yo hasi ammonia ammoniate arimo amazi meza, nk'imyanda yo mu gihugu, amazi ya chimique, n'ibindi.

Nitrike ntarengwa no kwamagana (SND)

Iyo nitrification no kwamagana bikorerwa hamwe muri reaction imwe, byitwa icyarimwe ubumuga bwo gupima (SND). Ogisijeni yashongeshejwe mu mazi yataye ku gipimo cyo gutandukana kugirango itange ogisijeni yangiritse kuri gakorobe cyangwa biofilm itesha agaciro kamera no kwamamaza aerobic nithoing bagiteri. Byimbitse muri floc cyangwa membrane, hepfo kwibanda kuri ogisijeni yashonze, bikaviramo akarere ka abuxic aho denitritrial denitteri yiganje. Gutyo rero bikora ibihe icyarimwe gusuzugura no kwamagana. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kuri icyarimwe no gutwika kwa PH, ubushyuhe, alkalinity, isoko kamanda, ogisijeni yashongeshejwe.

Nitriptiction / uwihakana yabayeho mu mwobo wa carroudel oxidel, kandi imyigaragambyo ya ogisijeni yashongeshejwe mu munwa wa Carrorosel wagabanutse buhoro buhoro, kandi ogisijeni yashongeshejwe mu gice cyo hepfo ya carroudel oxiside yari munsi y'igice cyo hejuru. Imiterere n'ibipimo byo gukoresha bya azote muri buri gice cy'umuyoboro birangana, kandi kwibanda kuri ammonia antironen cyane, byerekana ko imyifatire ya Nitrific na icyarimwe mu muyoboro wa Karrorsel Okimu.

Ubushakashatsi bwo kuvura imyanda yo murugo bwerekana ko ari codcr iri hejuru, niko uruhiri rwuzuyemo uwagaburiwe nibyiza byo gukuraho TN. Ingaruka ya ogisijeni yasheshwe kumazina icyarimwe no kwamagana ni byiza. Iyo ogisijeni yashenze igenzurwa na 0.5 ~ 2MG / L, ingaruka zo gukuraho ni nziza ni nziza. Muri icyo gihe, nuburyo niITriction na Denitrific buzigama reaction, bigufi, bifite ingufu nke, bizigama ishoramari, kandi biroroshye kubika agaciro ka PH.

③ckt-Range igose no kwamagana

Muri reaction imwe, bagimoni ya amonia okiside ikoreshwa mukurya Ammonia muri Nitrite munsi yibihe bya nitrite, hanyuma Nitrite arwanirwa mu buryo butaziguye mu buryo butaziguye mu buryo butaziguye. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kubibazo bigufi no kwamagana ni ubushyuhe, Ammonia yubusa, PH agaciro ka OPSOSN na ogisijeni.

Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe ku niTrification yimyanya ya komine idafite inyanja hamwe nimyanya ya kominage hamwe namazi yo mu nyanja 30%. Ibisubizo byageragejwe byerekana ko: Kubikandara byamanika idafite amazi yo mu nyanja, yongera ubushyuhe bufasha kugera kuri nitrififion. Iyo igipimo cyamazi yinyanja mu mazi yo mu gihugu ari 30%, nitrifiction ndende irashobora kugerwaho neza mubushyuhe bwo hagati. UBUYOBOZI bwa kaminuza ya Delft bwateje imbere gahunda ya Sharon, gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi (hafi 30-4090) kugira ngo bagiteri ya bagiteri kugira ngo bakureho igare rya Nitrite kugira ngo bakureho bagiteri ya Nitrite.

Dushingiye ku itandukaniro mu bijyanye na ogisijeni hagati ya bagiteri na Nitrite, laboratoire y'ibidukikije bya microbite byateje imbere uburyo bwo kwegeranya nitrite astugen by ogisijeni yashongeshejwe na bagisito.

Ibizamini by'ibidere by'icyitegererezo cyo kuvura inkoni y'amazi n'inzitizi ngufi no gutwika, l, impuzandengo ya Effel.4 197.1,14.2,181.5 na 0.4mg / l. Umubare uhwanye ni 83,6%, 97.2%, 66.4% na 99,6%.

Inzira ngufi na Nitritrification na Denitrification ntabwo inyura mu cyiciro cya nitrate, kuzigama isoko ya karubone isabwa gukuraho azote ya biologiya. Ifite inyungu zimwe na zimwe kuri ammoni azote azote hamwe na c / n n. Nitrictific-intera no kwamagana ifite ibyiza byo guswera bidakabije, igihe gito cyo kugaburira no kuzigama imibumbe ya reaction. Nyamara, intera ndende nitandukana no kwamaganaga kugirango birube bya Nitrite kandi birambye, nigute kubuza neza ibikorwa bya NITRINALCIA bihinduka urufunguzo.

④ Anaerobic Okiside

Anaerobic ammoxidetion nigikorwa cyo kuri okiside itaziguye ya ammonia azote kuri azote kuri atorikisi na bagiteri ya autoprophique muburyo bwa hypoxia cyangwa nitrogrogen cyangwa anderron aberon.

Ingaruka z'ubushyuhe na PH ku bikorwa byo mu binyabuzima bya Anammox bize. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko ubushyuhe bwiza bwakozwe ni 30 ℃ na PH agaciro kari 7.8. Ibishoboka bya Ammobic Ammox yo kuvura imyunyu yinshi ningendo za azondera ya azondera. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko imyunyuki yo hejuru yabujije cyane ibikorwa bya anammox, kandi uku kubungabunga byahinduwe. Ibikorwa bya Anaerobic Ibikorwa bya Sludge yari 67.5% munsi yukurya kunyurwa na 30g.l-1 (nac1). Igikorwa cya Anammox cya sludge yashyizwemo yari 45.1% munsi yuburyo. Iyo igihano cyashyizwemo cyimuriwe mubidukikije byimukanwa hejuru y'ibidukikije bidafite umunyu (nta munwa), ibikorwa bya Anaerobic Ammobic byiyongereyeho 43.1%. Ariko, reaction irakunze gukora igabanuka iyo ikora mukinyu kinini mugihe kirekire.

Ugereranije n'imiterere gakondo y'ibinyabuzima, Anaerobic Ammox ni tekinoroji yo gukuraho amahanga mu bijyanye n'ubukungu nta kinyabuzima bwa karubone, ibisabwa na ogisijeni yo hasi, bidakenewe gutanga umusaruro. Ibibi bya Ammox Ammox ni uko umuvuduko wimyitwarire utinda, ingano ya reaction ni nini, kandi isoko ya karubone ntabwo ifite akamaro ka Anaerobic ammox, ifite akamaro gafatika yo gukemura amazi ya ammomiya hamwe na biodegrade ya ammomiya hamwe na biodegrade ya ammonia hamwe na biodegradenga mbi.

4.Gukoresha no gukuraho bikwirakwiza indude

Uburyo bwo Gutandukanya Gutandukana

Uburyo bwo gutandukanya Membrane nugukoresha guhitamo urunuka kugirango dusobanukirwe gutandukanya ibice mumazi, kugirango tugere ku ntego yo gukuraho AmoniDuden. Harimo na osmose ya osmose, Nanonikration, atesha agaciro membrane na electrodialysis. Ibintu bigira ingaruka kubitandukanya jye na membrane biranga, igitutu cyangwa voltage, agaciro ka PH, ubushyuhe na ammonia nitrogen.

Dukurikije ubwiza bwa Amoni azote ya Amoni yakuweho n'isi idasanzwe, igerageza rya osmose ya osmose ryakozwe na NH4C1 na nagi ryigana imyanda. Byagaragaye ko mubihe bimwe, hindura osmose afite igipimo cyo kurekura cya naci, mugihe NHCL ifite igipimo cyo kubyara amazi menshi. Igipimo cyo gukuraho NH4C1 ni 77.3% nyuma yo guhindura ibintu bidasanzwe, bishobora gukoreshwa nko kwihanganira ammoni azote ya ammoniater. Hindura ikoranabuhanga rya Osmose rishobora kubika ingufu, umutekano mwiza, ariko intangiriro ya chlorine, ihohoterwa ryangiza ni rikennye.

Umuyoboro wa biokifical nanofratiction ya mimbrane wakoreshwaga mugufata idini ryamababi, kuburyo rero 85% ~ 90% byamazi yibanze yibanze, kandi ibyondo byose byasubijwe mu gihoge. Ozturki et al. Yavugije imbohe ya Oaderill Leadhate ya Oidering muri Turukiya hamwe na NanokIshitration Membrane, kandi igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azote cyari hafi 72%. Nanoityration Membrane isaba igitutu cyo hasi kuruta guhindura osmose membrane, byoroshye gukora.

Sisitemu ya memmonia-ikuraho muri rusange ikoreshwa mugufata amazi yataye hamwe na ammonia ndende. Amoniya azote mu mazi afite uburimbane bukurikira: Nh4- Oh3 + = NH3 + H2O mu bikorwa byo mu mazi yo mu module ya Membrane, na acide-gukuramo amazi atemba module ya membrane. Iyo PI yamazi yamazi yiyongera cyangwa ubushyuhe buzamuka, uburinganire buzahinduka iburyo, kandi amimonium ion nh4- ihinduka gaseous free nh3. Muri iki gihe, Gaseusi nh3 irashobora kwinjiza aside igiciro cyamazi mumuyoboro wimyanda hejuru ya fibre yuzuye, ihita iba ionic nh4-. Komeza PH wo mu mazi ya 10, n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru ya 35 ° C (munsi ya 50 ° C), ku buryo NH4 mu cyiciro cyo gutakaza izoterwa bizahoraho. Nkigisubizo, kwibanda kuri Amoni azote mumpande zangiza byamazi byagabanutseho ubudahwema. Acide yishyurwa mu buryo butaziguye, kuko hariho aside gusa na NH4-, ikora umunyu mwiza wa amonium, kandi akagera kuri kwibanda runaka nyuma yo gukomeza gukwirakwiza, bishobora gutungwa. Ku ruhande rumwe, gukoresha iki ikoranabuhanga birashobora kunoza cyane igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azote mu mazi, kandi kurundi ruhande, birashobora kugabanya igiciro rusange cya sisitemu yo kuvura amazi.

Uburyo bwo gukora

Electrodialysise nuburyo bwo gukuraho ibibi byashojwe bivuye kubisubizo bitangaje ukoresheje voltage hagati yumurongo wa membrane. Mugikorwa cya voltage, Ayoni ya Amoni nandi maon mumazi yamazi ya ammonia-azote akungahazwa mu memmoni mu memmonia - irimo amazi yibanze, kugira ngo agere ku ntego yo gukuraho.

Uburyo bwa electrodialysis bwakoreshejwe mu kuvura amazi adataka ya amoko hamwe nubushakashatsi bukabije bwa ammonia azote kandi igera kubisubizo byiza. Kuri 2000-3000mg / l Ammonia azote Amazi, igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azote kirashobora kurenza 85%, kandi amazi ya Ammonia yibanze kuri 8.9%. Umubare w'amashanyarazi wakoreshejwe mugihe cyo gukora electrodialysis ni ugereranije kugeza kuri amoni azote mumazi. Kuvura electrodialysis kuvura imyanda yamazi ntabwo bigarukira na PH agaciro, ubushyuhe nigitutu, kandi biroroshye gukora.

Ibyiza byo gutandukanya Membrane birakinga hejuru ya ammonia yo hejuru ya ammonia azote, imikorere yoroshye, ingaruka zihamye kandi nta mwowa wa kabiri. Ariko, mu kuvura amatara yo hejuru Ammonia azote, usibye membrane yatewe ubwoba, ibindi bintu byoroshye, no kuvugurura no gusubirayo no gusubira inyuma bikunze kuvugwa. Kubwibyo, ubu buryo burakwiriye kwihanganira cyangwa kwibanda-amazina ammonia azote amazi.

Uburyo bwo kuvunja

Uburyo bwo guhana ion nuburyo bwo gukuraho Ammonia azote kuva mumazi akoresheje ibikoresho hamwe no guhitamo gukomeye kwa Ammonia. Ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa ni ibikorwa bya karubone, Zeolite, Montnorillonite na resin. Zeolite ni ubwoko bwa silico-ahuza imiterere yimiterere itatu, imiterere ya poro isanzwe, muri ibyo Clinoptilolute ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo guhitamo ammonia nigiciro gito cya admomia andige ya ammoniater. Ibintu bireba ingaruka zo kuvura clinoptilolite harimo ubunini bwa ammonianicgen

Ingaruka za adsorite ya Zeolite kuri Amoni azote iragaragara, ikurikirwa na Lacate, kandi ingaruka zubutaka na charatite ni umukene. Inzira nyamukuru yo gukuraho ammonia azote kuva Zeolite ni ion Guhana, kandi ingaruka zamamaza umubiri ni nto cyane. Inoti yo guhana ion ingaruka ya ceraramite, ubutaka na liteite birasa ningaruka zamamaza umubiri. Ubushobozi bwa adsorption ya bane buzungurutse bwagabanutse hamwe nubushyuhe murwego rwa 15-35 ℃, kandi rwiyongereye hamwe niyongera agaciro ya PH murwego rwa 3-9. Uburozi buringaniye bwageze nyuma ya 6h.

Bishoboka byo gukuraho Ammonia azote kuva kumanuka leachate na Zeolite adsorption yize. Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko buri gramu ya zeolite ifite ubushobozi buke bwa adsorption ya 15.5Mg ammonian, igihe cyambere cya amimoni Kandi birashoboka kuri Zeolite nkinyongera kugirango ikureho ampimia azote kuva leachate. Muri icyo gihe, byerekana ko igipimo cya admorption cya Ammomia azote na Zeolite ari gito, kandi biragoye kuri Zeolite kugera kubushobozi bwuzuye bwo kubahiriza ibikorwa.

Ingaruka yo gukuraho ibinyabuzima bya Zeolite kuri azote, code hamwe n'abandi banduye mu mudugudu wateganijwe wize. Ibisubizo byerekana ko igipimo cyo gukuraho Ammonia azote cyiyongoroke cyibinyabuzima kirenze 95%, kandi gukuraho azote nitrate bigira ingaruka kumwanya wo kubyara hydraulic.

Uburyo bwo guhana ion bufite ibyiza byishoramari rito, inzira yoroshye, imikorere yoroshye, itumva uburozi nubushyuhe, no kongera gukoresha Zeolite. Ariko, mugihe uvura amabuye yo hejuru ammonia ampine androgen, hagomba kuvuka ubwa kabiri, bityo bikaba bigomba guhuzwa nubundi buryo bwo kuvura ammonia, cyangwa bukoreshwa mugufata amatara ya ammoniate.

Ibicuruzwa 4Ibikoresho bya Zeolite nuwatanze | Burigihe (cnchemist.com)