Imiti isanzwe yo gusiga no gusiga irangi

1. Acide

vitriol
Amata ya molekuline H2SO4, amavuta atagira ibara cyangwa yijimye, amavuta akomeye ya okiside, imashini yangirika irinjira cyane, ubushyuhe bwinshi burekura mumazi, aside igomba kongerwaho mumazi mugihe ivanze, kandi ntishobora gukorwa muburyo bunyuranye, ikoreshwa nk'irangi rya aside, irangi rya acide iringaniye, aside chrome irangi irangi irangi, ibikoresho bya karuboni.

Acide acike
Inzira ya molekuline CH3COOH, ngufi kuri HAC, ibara ritagira ibara rifite umujinya uhumura neza, gukonjesha ingingo ya dogere 14, kwangirika, birashobora gutwika uruhu, bikoreshwa nkirangi rya acide acide acide, irangi rya acide, irangi ridafite aho ribogamiye

Acide
Inzira ya molekulari HCOOH, idafite ibara ryeruye irakaze impumuro nziza, igabanya, yangirika cyane, yoroshye gukonjeshwa mugihe cyubukonje, amavuta ya acide formic irashobora gutwikwa, uburozi, gukoreshwa nkirangi rya aside, infashanyo yo gusiga amarangi acide.

Acide ya Oxalic
Inzira ya molekuline H2C2O4.2H2O, kristu yera, irashobora gutandukanywa nifu yera mumuyaga wumye, aside ikomeye, uburozi, byoroshye kubora no kuba okiside, gushonga gato mumazi akonje, byoroshye gushonga mumazi ashyushye, Ethanol na ether, bikoreshwa mugukaraba ingese.

Acide Oleic
Inzira ya molekulari C17H33COOH, izina ry'ubumenyi octaenoic acide, aside oleic yinganda cyane cyane ibimera na acide yinyamanswa, byoroheje kuruta amazi y’amazi meza y’amazi, birashobora gukomera muri kristu imeze nkurushinge iyo ikonje, aho gushonga ni dogere 14, zikoreshwa mugukora aside oleic isabune no kugabanya ibikoresho.

Acide Tannic
Inzira ya molekuline C14H10O9, ifu yinganda ya tannic aside 65% -85%, amazi muri rusange arimo 30% -35%, ifu yumuhondo cyangwa umuhondo wijimye wijimye wijimye, buhoro buhoro umukara mwikirere, aside tannic yamazi ni amazi yijimye yijimye, kwibumbira hamwe ni dogere 20-22 Be, igihe kinini uhura nikirere kugirango ubore, Kora imvura yijimye yijimye, gushonga mumazi ashyushye, kudashonga mumazi akonje, hamwe na tartar ya tartar ikoreshwa nkibara rya acide acide acide, idafite aho ibogamiye irangi rya nylon umukozi ushinzwe gukosora.

2. Alkalis

Sodium hydroxide (soda ya caustic)
Inzira ya molekuline NaOH, hydroxide ya sodium ikomeye 95-99.5%, amazi 30-45%, hydroxide ya sodium ikomeye ni umweru, byoroshye kuyitanga, gushonga mumazi arekura ubushyuhe bwinshi, bubora cyane, birashobora gutuma fibre yinyamaswa zimeneka, bishobora gutera gutwika bikabije uruhu, byoroshye guhita byinjiza karuboni ya dioxyde de carbone ikava mu kirere ikabamo sodium karubone, kontineri igomba kuba inzuki, Ikoreshwa nk'umuti wo kugabanya amarangi kandi nk'umukozi ushinzwe isuku mu gukuraho ibara nyuma yo gusiga irangi ryinshi.

Sodium karubone (ivu rya soda)
Inzira ya molekulari Na2CO3, karubone ya sodium ya anhydrous ni ifu yamabara cyangwa granulaire nziza, ikurura amazi na dioxyde de carbone mukirere, igahita ikora sodium bicarbonate, igashonga mumazi, karubone y'amazi ya sodium ifite igice kimwe cyamazi, ibice birindwi amazi, ibice icumi amazi atatu .Ikoreshwa nk'imfashanyo yo koza ubwoya, irangi ritaziguye, irangi ryirangi ryirangi ryamabara hamwe na viscose fibre yo gusiga irangi, ibikoresho byo gutunganya irangi ryangiza, kutabogama ubwoya.

Hydroxide ya Amonium (amazi ya amoniya)
Inzira ya molekulari NH4OH, idafite ibara ryijimye cyangwa ibara ry'umuhondo gake, ifite impumuro mbi, irashobora gutuma abantu barira, igomba gufatirwa mubintu bifunze, byoroshye kubora muri ammonia iyo bishyushye, kwaguka kwinshi biroroshye guturika kontineri, witonde ntubikore gukora kontineri ya ammonia ishyushye cyangwa izuba ryinshi.Ikoreshwa nkimfashanyo yo gukaraba, itesha agaciro nyuma yo gusiga irangi irangi irangi.

Triethanolamine
Inzira ya molekuline N (OH2CH2OH) 3, ibara ritagira ibara ryijimye, impumuro ya ammonia nkeya, umuhondo byoroshye iyo uhuye numwuka, hygrhygabilite, gushonga mumazi, kwangirika kumuringa na aluminiyumu, bikoreshwa nka neutilisateur ya urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde resin ya mbere.

3.Oxidizing agent

Hydrogene peroxide

Inzira ya molekuline H2O2, igisubizo cyamazi yinganda zirimo 30-40%, ibara ryumuhondo cyangwa umuhondo wijimye wijimye, byoroshye kubora ogisijeni, niba hari aside nkeya mubisubizo, igisubizo kirahagaze neza, kuburyo acide acike nkeya cyangwa acide fosifori mubakora ibicuruzwa, nko kongeramo ammonia cyangwa alkali mubindi bisubizo, ogisijeni byihuse, ifite imbaraga za okiside ikomeye, igisubizo cyibanze gishobora gutera uburibwe bwuruhu, kuko kibitswe ahantu hakonje hijimye, hirindwa izuba ryinshi, rikoreshwa nka bleach.

Dodromate ya Sodium
Inzira ya molekuline Na2Cr7O7.2H2O, sodium ya bichromate igera kuri 98%, kirisiti itukura ya orange-umutuku, ni oxyde oxyde, aside na ogisijeni irekura ubushyuhe bwinshi, byoroshye gutonyanga, umutuku, uburozi, bigomba gushyirwa mubintu bifunze, bikoreshwa nka irangi rya aside irike mordant, irangi rya sulfuru nyuma yo gusiga irangi rya okiside.

Bichromate ya Potasiyumu
Inzira ya molekuline K2Cr2O7, kristu itukura ya orange, nikintu cya okiside, ntabwo byoroshye gutanga, uburozi, bigomba kubikwa mubintu bifunze, bikoreshwa nka mordant yo gusiga amarangi acide.

Potasiyumu permanganate
Inzira ya molekuline KMnO4, ibara ry'umuyugubwe w'icyatsi kibisi cyangwa kirisiti ya kirisiti, ni ikintu gikomeye cya okiside, kigomba kubikwa mu kintu gifunze, gikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwoya bw'intama.

Sodium perborate
Inzira ya molekulari NaBO3.4H2O, sodium ya perborate irimo 96%, kirisiti yera ya kirisiti cyangwa ifu, hanyuma umwuka wumuyaga ukonje wumye, hanyuma umwuka ushushe nubushuhe bwangirika bwa ogisijeni, ubuhehere biroroshye kwegeranya kubora, bigomba kubikwa mubintu bifunze, ikoreshwa nka okiside nyuma yo gusiga fibre ya viscose irangi rya sulfide.

Sodium hypochlorite
Inzira ya molekuline NaClO, idahindagurika cyane yumuhondo wijimye wumuhondo, ushonga mumazi, ibicuruzwa mubisanzwe ni umuti wamazi wa alkaline, utagira ibara ryumuhondo muto, ufite impumuro mbi, yangirika kubutare, kubera ipamba, ibicuruzwa byubwoya byogosha hamwe nubwoya bugabanya ubukana bwangiza.

4. Kumurika

Fluorescent yera umukozi VBL
Ubwoko bwa Stilbene triazine, ni ubw'irangi rya anionic itaziguye, imikorere ye yo gusiga irangi ahanini isa n'irangi ritaziguye, irashobora gukoresha umunyu, ifu ya sodium kugirango iteze imbere irangi, irangi ryihuta hamwe na agent iringaniza, ifu yumuhondo yoroheje, ibara ni ubururu bwa violet, gushonga inshuro 80 ubwinshi bwamazi yoroshye, amazi yashonze agomba kuba alkaline nkeya cyangwa iringaniye, kwiyuhagira irangi hamwe na alkaline nkeya PH 8-9 nicyo kibereye cyane, irwanya aside kuri PH 6, Alkali irwanya PH 11, irwanya amazi akomeye 300ppm, ntabwo irwanya ibyuma byicyuma nkumuringa nicyuma, irashobora kuvangwa na anionic na non-ionic surfactants, amarangi ya anionic itaziguye na acide, ariko ntigomba gukoreshwa hamwe n amarangi ya cationic, surfactants hamwe na resinike ya resinike yumubiri wambere mubwogero bumwe, bubereye ibicuruzwa byera cyangwa bifite ibara ryoroshye rya selile, umubare ugomba kuba ukwiye, Umweru urenze urugero ugabanuka cyangwa ndetse n'umuhondo, kandi birakwiye gukoresha bitarenze 0.4% kumitsi ya selile.

Fluorescent yera umukozi VBU
Ubwoko bwa Styrene triazine, ifu yumuhondo yoroheje, ibara ni ubururu bwerurutse bwijimye bwijimye, bugashonga mumazi, anionic, aside irwanya PH2-3, alkali irwanya PH10, irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe na anionic, idafite ionic surfactants, amarangi ya cationique, resinike ya resinike yambere kwiyuhagira, ariko ntibishobora gukoreshwa hamwe n amarangi ya cationic hamwe ninyongeramusaruro ya cationic mubwiherero bumwe, bukwiranye na fibre selile ya selile, Bleaching in resin finishing hamwe na acide acide mubwiherero bumwe.

Fluorescent yera umukozi DT
Ibikomoka kuri Benzoxazole, bifite aside ikomeye na alkalis, bigashonga muri Ethanol, ibara ni cyan yumutuku, utabogamye utari ionizing ukwirakwiza emulion yumuhondo wera, urashobora kuvangwa namazi muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose, kuko inzoga za polyvinyl zikunze gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa bya emulsiyo nkuburinzi. colloid, hamwe na kondegene hamwe nu munyu utandukanye, nibyiza rero gukoreshwa mubwogero butabogamye cyangwa acide nkeya.Emulioni ya DT yavanze no gutatanya N0.5% cyangwa irenga, mububiko burimo gukemura ibintu, mugihe byakoreshejwe bigomba kuvangwa byuzuye kugirango harebwe ko byakwirakwizwa, birashobora gukoreshwa kuri polyester, nylon nizindi fibre hamwe nigitambara kivanze, nyuma ya 140-160 dogere, iminota 2 yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kugirango ukine byuzuye uruhare rwo kwera.

Fluorescent umweru WG
Ifu yumuhondo, ibara ni itara ryicyatsi kibisi, igisubizo cyamazi ntaho kibogamiye, surfactant ya anionic, irwanya aside, irwanya amazi akomeye, icyuma numuringa bigira ingaruka kumweru, gusa bigashonga iyo bikoreshejwe, ntibyoroshye kubika igisubizo, bikoreshwa kuri ubwoya na nylon byera.

Fluorescent yera umukozi BCD
Pyrazoline, ifu yumuhondo yoroheje, fluorescence nkeya yumutuku, idashobora gukama mumazi, irashobora gukwirakwizwa neza hamwe namazi, guhagarikwa guhamye, irashobora kandi gushonga muri Ethanol, dimethylformamide, Ethylene glycol, ether, nibindi, bitari ionic, igisubizo cyamazi 1% ni hafi kutagira aho ibogamiye, ikoreshwa mu kumurika acrylic yera no kumurika fibre yamabara.

5. Kugabanya

Sodium sulfide (alkali sulfide)
Amata ya molekuline Na2S.9H2O, sodium sulfide irimo 60%, umuhondo cyangwa orange umutuku utukura, impumuro yamagi yaboze, byoroshye kwinjiza amazi mu kirere no guhumeka muri sodium thiosulfate, gushonga mumazi ni alkaline ikomeye, yangirika kumuringa, ikoreshwa nka okiside irangi.

Ifu yubwishingizi (sodium hyposulfite)
Inzira ya molekulari Na2S2O4, ifu yubwishingizi bwinganda irimo 85-95%, ibicuruzwa ntabwo birimo amazi ya kirisiti ya kirisiti nziza yera;Ifu ya cake ifite uburyohe busharira;Irinde ubushuhe, ubushyuhe cyangwa guhura n’ikirere, kugirango wirinde okiside nizindi ngaruka zo kunanirwa, kubikwa mu kintu gifunze, kitarimo ubushuhe, ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe, kurwanya anti-okiside;Ifite imbaraga zikomeye zo kugabanya, n'amazi azashya;Ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kwambura imyenda irangi hamwe numukozi wo gukuraho amabara areremba nyuma yo gusiga irangi rya polyester.

Ifu yimisatsi
Ni uruvange rw'ifu ya 60% y'ubwishingizi na 40% sodium pyrophosphate, ifu yera, kubikwa mu kintu gifunze, ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, okiside no kwangirika, byoroshye gutera gutwika cyangwa guturika nyuma yubushyuhe, ni ibintu bigabanya, guhumanya gukomeye ingaruka, ikoreshwa hamwe nubwoya bwumye, silk nibindi.

Ifu ya Glyph (blok ya glyph, sodium bisulfate formaldehyde)
Inzira ya molekuline NaHSO2.CH2O.2H2O, ifu yera irimo 98%, ifu ya kirisiti yera cyangwa blok, kugirango ibike mu kintu gifunze, ubushyuhe, butarinda ubushuhe, kugirango imiti igabanya ubwoya igabanya imiti, inganda zo gucapa ipamba mugusohora icapiro. kugabanya umukozi, gusiga irangi imyenda.

Sodium bisulfite
Inzira ya molekuline NaHSO3, ifu ya kirisiti yera cyangwa ifu ya kristaline, impumuro ya dioxyde de sulfure, gushonga mu mazi, amazi ya alkaline yoroheje, kugabanuka byoroshye, okiside kuri sulfate mu kirere, kubikwa mu kintu gifunze, gikoreshwa nk'imiti ishiraho imiti y’ubwoya, ubwoya bwo kugabanya ubwoya.

Sodium sulfite
Inzira ya molekuline Na2SO3, gushonga mumazi, byoroshye guhindurwamo okiside na sulfate yo mu kirere, byoroshye gutakaza amazi kugirango ibe ifu ya kristaline yera, ibitswe mu bikoresho bifunze, ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo mu mwenda w’ubwoya hamwe n’ibikoresho byo kugabanya ubwoya.

6. Umunyu

Sodium chloride (umunyu wo kumeza)
Inzira ya molekuline NaCl, kristaline yera, deliquescent, ikoreshwa nkumuvuduko wihuse, wibirunga, udakora, kugabanya amarangi, kandi nkibintu bishya byo guhana ion muguhindura amazi.

Sodium acetate
Inzira ya molekulari CH3COONa.3H2O, acetate ya sodium yinganda zirimo amazi atatu ya kristaline hafi ya 60% ya sodium acetate, gushonga mumazi, byoroshye ikirere mukirere, acetate ya sodium ya anhydrous nka poro yera, ikoreshwa nka neutilisateur nyuma yo gusiga amarangi acide acide;Irangi ryirangi ryitwa acrylic ni buffer kugirango igabanye agaciro ka PH.

Igikombe cya sulfate
Inzira ya molekuline CuSO4.5H2O, irimo amazi 5 ya kristaline ni kirisiti yijimye yubururu, nta mazi ya kristaline ni ifu yubururu bworoheje, uburozi, gushonga mumazi, ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bikosora nyuma yo gusiga irangi ryumunyu wumuringa.

Ammonium sulfate
Amata ya molekulari (NH4) 2SO4, kristu ntoya cyangwa mikoro yumuhondo ntoya, ikoreshwa nkirangi rya acide ya acide ya acide idakomeye, irangi rya acide yo kutagira aho ibogamiye, irangi ritagira aho ribogamiye, urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde resin catalizator.

Ametiyumu acetate
Inzira ya molekuline CH3COONH4, kristu yera cyangwa kristaline, gusiba byoroshye, impumuro nkeya, gushonga byoroshye mumazi, igisubizo cyamazi nigisubizo cya acide, kubora ubushyuhe bwa acide na ammonia, mubisanzwe hamwe na acide acetike na ammonia, bikoreshwa nka acide acide acide imfashanyo.

Sodium hexametaphosphate
Inzira ya molekulari (NaPO3) 6, flake itagira ibara ya flake cyangwa granula yera, kuyisohora byoroshye, mukirere bizayoborwa, bihindurwe muri fosifati ya disodium, bikoreshwa nkibikoresho byoroshya amazi.

Amonium chloride
Inzira ya molekulari NH4Cl, kwera kwera kristalisiti, kubora ubushyuhe muri NH3 na HCl, bikoreshwa nka cataliste yo kurangiza resin.

Magnesium chloride
Inzira ya molekuline MgCl2.6H2O, kirisiti yera ya monoclinic yera, gushonga mumazi, ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kurangiza.
Sodium pyrophosphate molekulari ya Na4P4O7.10H2O, kirisiti ya monoclinike, yashonga mumazi, itetse muri disodium hydrogen fosifate, igisubizo cyamazi ni alkaline.Ikoreshwa nka stabilisateur ya hydrogen peroxide ihumanya.

Tartarite (potassium tartrate)
Amata ya molekuline K (SbO) C4H4O6.1 / 2H2O, tartrate ya potasiyumu 98%, kirisiti itagira ibara ya kirisiti cyangwa ifu yera ya granular yera, uburozi, izashyirwa mu kirere, izashonga mu mazi, igisubizo cy’amazi ni acide nkeya, kigomba kubamo ikintu gifunze kugirango wirinde guteka, uhujwe na acide ya tannic nka acide acide acide acide, idafite aho ibogamiye irangi irangi irangi irangi rya nylon.

Sodium sulfate
Inzira ya molekuline Na2SO4, igicuruzwa gifite amazi icumi ya kristaline ya kristaline sodium sulfate (kristalisation ibonerana mu muyoboro cyangwa urushinge) hamwe na sodium sulfate yo mu mwanda (ifu yera), impumuro nziza, umunyu n'umujinya, gushonga mu mazi, bikoreshwa nk'irangi ritaziguye, irangi rya sulfuru, rikora amarangi, umusoro ku nyongeragaciro wo kwamamaza amarangi, umukozi wo gusiga buhoro amarangi ya acide, syntetique detergent yoza ubwoya bwoguhuza.

7.Byiza

Isabune

Nuruvange rwumunyu wa sodium ya sodium C17H35COONa na C17H33COONa, surfactant ya anionic, kwanduza neza hamwe na emulisifike, ntabwo irwanya amazi akomeye, hydrolysis yoroshye yumuti wamazi.
601 Amata ya molekuline yamashanyarazi CnH2n + 1SO3Na, impuzandengo ya atome ya karubone ni 16, surfactant ya anionic, ibara ryumuhondo wijimye wijimye, byoroshye gushonga mumazi, hafi ya alkyl sodium sulfonate (AS) 25%, sodium chloride 5%, amazi 70%, 1 % igisubizo cyamazi PH agaciro ni 7-9, imbaraga zikomeye zo gukumira, aside, alkali, kurwanya amazi akomeye.

Isabune yo mu nganda
Anionic surfactant, ifu ya beige, gushonga byoroshye mumazi, hafi ya sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate (AAS) 30%, sodium sulfate 68%, amazi 2%, 1% yumuti wamazi PH agaciro ka 7-9, gusukura, kwinjira, emulisitiya nibindi bintu nibyiza cyane, acide, alkali, kurwanya amazi akomeye, kwihanganira kwinjiza amazi birakomeye, ariko ubushobozi bwo gukumira umwanda muri adhesion ni bubi.Irashobora kunozwa hamwe na bike ya carboxymethyl selile.

Umukozi woza LS (Umukozi woza MA)
Amavuta amide p-mikorerexybenzenesulfonate sodium, anionic surfactant, ifu yumukara, gushonga byoroshye mumazi, igisubizo cyamazi 1% ntaho kibogamiye, cyaba cyogejwe mumazi yoroshye cyangwa amazi akomeye, kwinjira kwacyo, imikorere ikwirakwizwa nibyiza, kandi bifite emulisation, ingaruka zingana, aside , alkali, kurwanya amazi akomeye.

209
N. kuringaniza, kwinjira no gusohora ubushobozi ni byiza, aside, alkali, kurwanya amazi akomeye.

Umuyoboro 105 (Detergent R5)
Ni uruvange rwa polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcool ether 24%, polyoxyethylene phenyl alkyl phenol ether 10-12%, amavuta ya cocout alkyl alkyl amide 24% namazi 40%, idafite ionic surfactant, ibara ryijimye ryijimye, ibintu bikora 60%, byoroshye gushonga mumazi, 1% yumuti wamazi PH agaciro kangana na 9, hamwe no gutose, kwinjira, emulisation, gukwirakwizwa, kubira ifuro, gutesha agaciro nibindi bintu.

Ramibon A (613 detergent)
Amavuta acide acide amino acide, acide acide ya chloride na protein hydrolytique, surfactants ya anionic, kumazi wijimye wijimye, igice rusange cyingenzi ni 40%, byoroshye gushonga mumazi, igisubizo cyamazi 1% PH agaciro kangana na 8, umunuko wa aside amine, kurwanya alkali, kurwanya amazi akomeye, kutarwanya aside, ikoreshwa nkigikoresho cyo gukora isuku na emulisiferi, imbaraga nke zo kwangirika, nazo zikora amarangi ataziguye, amarangi y’ibirunga homogenizer.

Detergent JU
Ibikomoka kuri Ethylene oxyde imidazole, ibinyabuzima bitari ionic, bifite amazi meza, gutatanya, emulisile nizindi ngaruka, bikwiriye gukaraba ubushyuhe buke bwa dogere 30-50, umuhondo wijimye wijimye wijimye, 1% y'amazi ya PH 5-6, kurwanya amazi akomeye , kurwanya alkali, kurwanya aside, ubushobozi bwo gukaraba no guhanagura neza, kandi bifite diffuzione, emulisation, ingaruka zingana, Irashobora kuvangwa na surfactants zitandukanye hamwe n amarangi, kandi ikoreshwa kenshi mugusukura imyenda yubwoya no kuvura mbere yo gusiga irangi rya acrylic, ishobora kora irangi ryirangi irangi.