Uburyo bwo gukoresha sodium hydroxide n'ikoreshwa ryayo

Uburyo bwo gukoresha sodium hydroxide n'ikoreshwa ryayo

YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

Ikinini cya soda yo mu bwoko bwa caustic ni ubwoko bwa soda yo mu bwoko bwa caustic, izina rya shimi rya sodium hydroxide, ni alkali ishongesha, irangiza cyane, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikoreshwa rya aside neutralizer, hamwe n'ikintu gikingira, ikintu gitera imvura, ikintu gikingira imvura, ikintu gitera ibara, ikintu gitera isuku, ikintu gikuraho imyuka, isabune n'ibindi.

Bifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha. Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha ibinini bya soda bya caustic bugizwe n'ibi bikurikira:

1, gukora impapuro:

Ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora impapuro ni ibimera by’ibiti cyangwa ibyatsi, ibi bimera byiyongera kuri selulose, ariko kandi birimo ingano nini ya selulose (lignin, gum, nibindi). Alkali ya Flake ikoreshwa mu gutunganya, kandi fibre ishobora kuboneka gusa iyo lignin ikuwe mu giti. Igice kitari selulose gishobora gushonga wongeyeho umuti wa soda ya caustic, kugira ngo selulose nk'igice cy'ingenzi cy'ifu ibashe gutegurwa.

2, peteroli itunganyijwe:

Nyuma y'uko ibikomoka kuri peteroli byogejwe na aside sulfure, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya aside bigomba kozwa na aside y'ibinini, hanyuma bigakozwa kugira ngo haboneke ibintu bitunganyijwe.

3. Imyenda:

Imyenda y'ipamba n'iy'ilino ivurwa n'umuti wa sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) kugira ngo inoze imiterere ya fibre. Imyenda y'ubukorano nka fibre y'ubukorano, ubwoya bw'ubukorano, rayon, n'ibindi, ahanini ni fibre ya viscose, ikorwa muri cellulose (nk'amacupa), soda y'ubukorano, disulfide ya karubone (CS2) nk'ibikoresho fatizo, bikozwe muri viscose, binyuze mu kuzunguruka, no gushonga.

4, gucapa no gusiga irangi:

Igitambaro cy'ipamba gifite umuti wa alkaline, gishobora gukuraho irangi ry'ipamba ritwikiriwe n'ibishashara, amavuta, ibinyampeke n'ibindi bintu, mu gihe cyongera ibara ry'ipamba, bityo irangi rikaba rimwe.

5, gukora isabune:

Igice cy'ingenzi cy'isabune ni umunyu wa sodium wa aside irike iteye imbere, ubusanzwe ikorwa mu mavuta na za alkali nk'ibikoresho fatizo binyuze mu buryo bwa saponification. Uretse umunyu mwinshi wa aside irike, isabune irimo kandi rosin, ikirahuri cy'amazi, ibirungo, amarangi n'ibindi byuzuza. Mu miterere, aside irike nyinshi ya sodium irimo igice kitarimo hydrophobic (itsinda rya hydrocarboni) n'igice kitarimo hydrophobic (itsinda rya carboxyl). Itsinda ritophobic rifite ubushobozi bwo gukaraba. Mu gihe cyo gukaraba, amavuta ari mu mwanda aravangwa agashyirwa mu bitonyanga bito by'amavuta, kandi nyuma yo gukora ku isabune, itsinda ritophobic (itsinda rya hydrocarboni) rya aside irike nyinshi ya sodium rishyirwa mu bitonyanga by'amavuta, kandi molekile z'amavuta zihuzwa n'imbaraga za van der Waals. Itsinda ritophobic (itsinda rya carboxyl), ryoroshye gushonga mu mazi, rikurwa hanze y'igitonyanga cy'amavuta rigashyirwa mu mazi. Ikintu cy'ingenzi cy'isabune ni NaOH, ariko NaOH si isabune. Umuti wayo w'amazi ni amavuta kandi ushobora gukoreshwa nk'isabune. Isabune ni emulsifier. Ihame ni uburyo bwo gukora saponification CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONa+CH3CH2OH, kandi CH3COONa ni ikintu gikora mu isabune.

6, inganda z'ibinyabutabire:

Gukora sodium y'icyuma, amazi ya electrolytic ni ugukoresha ibinini bya alkali. Gukora imyunyu myinshi idakomoka ku bimera, cyane cyane gutegura imyunyu imwe na imwe ya sodium (nka borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, nibindi) bikoreshwa muri alkali y'ibinini. Ikoreshwa kandi mu gukora amarangi, imiti n'ibindi bikomoka ku bimera.

7, inganda zikora ibyuma:

akenshi kugira ngo hahindurwe igice cy’amabuye y’agaciro mo umunyu wa sodiyumu ushonga, kugira ngo haveho imyanda idashonga, bityo, akenshi hakenerwa kongeramo ibinini bya alkali. Urugero, mu gushongesha aluminiyumu, hakoreshwa gutegura cryolite no kuvura bauxite.

8, ikoreshwa ry'ishwagara mu kunoza ubutaka:

mu butaka, kubera ko ibintu by’umwimerere mu ibora bizatanga aside organic, kugabanuka kw’imyunyu ngugu nabyo bishobora gutanga aside. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda nka ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, nibindi, nabyo bizatuma ubutaka bugira aside. Gushyiramo ingano ikwiye ya lime bishobora kugabanya aside iri mu butaka, bigatuma ubutaka bukwirakwira mu mikurire y’ibihingwa, kandi bigatera imbere mu gukwirakwiza udukoko duto. Nyuma yo kwiyongera kwa Ca2+ mu butaka, bishobora gutuma ubutaka bukomera, bigatuma habaho ikorwa ry’ibihingwa, kandi icyarimwe, bishobora gutanga calcium ikenewe kugira ngo ibimera bikure.

9. Gukora alumina:

Umuti wa NaOH urashyuha kugira ngo ushongeshe alumina muri bauxite maze ubone alumina ya sodiyumuumuti. Nyuma y'uko umuti utandukanijwe n'ibisigazwa (icyondo gitukura), ubushyuhe buragabanuka, aluminium hydroxide yongerwaho nk'imbuto za kristu, nyuma y'igihe kirekire ivanze, sodium aluminate irahinduka aluminium hydroxide, yozwa, hanyuma igashyirwamo calcium kuri 950 ~ 1200℃, aluminium oxide irangiye iraboneka. Umuti nyuma yo kuvoma aluminium hydroxide witwa alcool y'inka, irahinduka umwuka ikarundanywa kandi igasubirwamo. Bitewe n'imiterere itandukanye ya crystalline ya diaspore, diaspore na diaspore, gushonga kwabyo mu gisubizo cya caustic soda biratandukanye cyane, bityo ni ngombwa gutanga imiterere itandukanye yo gushonga, ahanini ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo gushonga. Diaspore type bauxite ishobora gushonga kuri 125 ~ 140C, kandi diaspore type bauxite ishobora gushonga kuri 240 ~ 260℃ no kongeramo lime (3 ~ 7%).

10, ibumba:

Soda ikoreshwa mu gukora ibumba ifite ingingo ebyiri: iya mbere, mu gutwika ibumba, soda ikoreshwa mu gushonga. Iya kabiri, ubuso bwa bumba buzaba bwacitse cyangwa bugakomereka cyane, kandi nyuma yo gusukurwa n'umuti wa soda ikoreshwa mu gutwika ibumba, ubuso bwa bumba buzaba bworoshye.

11, kwica udukoko:

Guhindura poroteyine ya virusi. Ibi bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusukura no kwica udukoko mu macupa yo mu nganda zikora divayi.

12, uretse amazi mabi:

okiside ikomeye ya sodiyumu kugira ngo ihindure agaciro ka ph, gutunganya imyanda, kugira ngo umutungo usubirwemo.

13, imiti ikoreshwa mu gushushanya, inyongeramusaruro mu nganda:

Alkali y'ibinini ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zikora imiti kugira ngo ihindure imisemburo cyangwa ihindure agaciro ka pH k'imiti.

14, gushushanya hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi, gutunganya tungsten.：

Ibinini bya alkali biri mu cyuma nk'umuti wo gushushanya, bigire uruhare rw'umuyobozi!

15, gukora ubudodo, gukora ipamba rya rayon.

16. Inganda zikora uruhu (Intangiriro y'uburyo bubiri bwo gukoresha ibinini bya alkali):

(1) Mu gikorwa cyo kongera gukoresha amazi y'ivu ry'imyanda yo mu ruhu, shyiramo umuti w'amazi wa sodium sulfide hanyuma wongeremo umuti w'amazi mu gikorwa cyo kwagura ivu gisanzwe.

Hagati y’intambwe ebyiri zo kunywesha ifu y’indimu, ikoreshwa rya 30% bya sodium hydroxide ifite uburemere bwa tare 0.3-0.5% ryiyongereye kugira ngo fibre y’uruhu yaguke neza kugira ngo ihuze n’ibikenewe mu buryo bw’imikorere no kunoza ireme ry’ibicuruzwa birangije neza.
(2) Nk'ikintu gikoresha alkaline n'icyuma kigabanya ubushyuhe, ongeramo amazi menshi muri reactor, hanyuma ushyushye kugeza kuri 90 ° C unyuze mu mwuka, uvange wongereho polyvinyl alcohol, hanyuma ukonje kugeza kuri 80 ° C nyuma yuko polyvinyl alcohol ishongeshejwe burundu. Nyuma yo kuvanga, ongeramo aside hydrochloric mu gice gito cy'amazi, komeza uvange iminota 20 kugeza kuri 30, hanyuma ongeramo ingano y'amazi ya formaldehyde. Bikomeze bishyuhe kuri 78 ~ 80 ℃, bireke bigire ingaruka mu minota 40 ~ 50, ongeramo umuti wa 10% wa sodium hydroxide washyizweho kugira ngo uvange, ukonjeshe kugeza kuri 60 ~ 70 ℃, hanyuma ongeramo formula urea yo kuvura amino, hanyuma uyungurure umuti wa kole unyuze mu ifi y'ubudodo kugira ngo ukoreshe igihe cyagenwe.

17, inganda z'ibinyabutabire za polyester:

ikoreshwa mu gukora aside formike, aside oxalic, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide n'isabune, aside liqueur y'ubukorano, isabune y'ubukorano, n'ibindi.

18, inganda zicapa kandi zisiga amarangi imyenda:

ikoreshwa nk'umuti wo gukuraho ipamba, umuti wo guteka, umuti wo kugabanya ibara n'irangi, umuti wo gushonga ibara ry'ubururu rya Haichang.

19, inganda zitunganya ubutare:

ikoreshwa mu gukora aluminium hydroxide, aluminium oxide n'icyuma gitunganya ubuso.

20, inganda z'ibikoresho,:

ikoreshwa nk'ikintu kigabanya ibara ry'aside, ikintu gikuraho ibara, ikintu gikuraho impumuro mbi.

21, inganda zikora kole:

ikoreshwa nk'umusemburo wa gelatine, neutralizer.

22, gukora fosifate, gukora manganate.

23. Kuvugurura umupira ushaje.

24, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikintu gitanga umusaruro w'indimu, ikoreshwa mu gukuraho ibara ry'ibinure n'ikintu gitanga impumuro nziza.

25, alkali y'ibinini nayo ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti yica udukoko.