Imiti isanzwe yo gucapa no gusiga amarangi
1. Aside
vitriol
Formule ya molekyuli H2SO4, amavuta adafite ibara cyangwa umukara, ogisijeni ikomeye, imashini inyunyuza cyane, ubushyuhe bwinshi busohoka mu mazi, aside igomba kongerwa mu mazi iyo ivanzwe, kandi ntishobora gukorwa ibinyuranye, ikoreshwa nk'irangi rya aside, amarangi asanzwe, aside chrome ikoreshwa mu gushushanya, igikoresho cyo gushushanya ubwoya.
aside asetiki
Formula ya molekile CH3COOH, mu magambo ahinnye ya HAC, amazi adafite ibara kandi ashyuha, afite impumuro mbi, aho ubukonje bugera kuri dogere 14, yangiza, ishobora gutwika uruhu, ikoreshwa nk'irangi ry'aside yo mu mazi, irangi riciriritse rya aside, irangi rifasha mu gushushanya irangi ridafite aho rihuriye n'imiterere yaryo.
Aside formike
Formule ya molekile HCOOH, ifite impumuro mbi idafite ibara, igabanya ubukana bw'amazi, yangiza cyane, yoroshye gukonjesha mu gihe cy'ubukonje, imyuka ya aside formike ishobora gutwikwa, irangiza, ikoreshwa nk'irangi rya aside, ifasha mu gusiga irangi ry'aside medium.
aside oxalic
Formula ya molekyuli H2C2O4.2H2O, kristu yera, ishobora gutandukana mu ifu yera mu mwuka wumye, aside ikomeye, uburozi, yoroshye kubora no gushonga, ishonga gato mu mazi akonje, yoroshye gushonga mu mazi ashyushye, etanoli na eteri, ikoreshwa mu koza ibara ry'icyuma.
aside oleic
Formule ya molekile C17H33COOH, izina rya siyansi aside octaenoic, aside oleic yo mu nganda ahanini ni aside y'ibimera n'inyamaswa, yoroheje kurusha amazi, ishobora gushonga mu buryo bw'urushinge iyo ikonje, aho ishongesha ni dogere 14, ikoreshwa mu gukora isabune ya aside oleic n'ikintu gigabanya ubushyuhe.
aside tannique
Formule ya molekyuli C14H10O9, ifu y’inganda irimo aside tannic ifite 65%-85%, amazi muri rusange arimo 30%-35%, ifu y’umuhondo cyangwa umuhondo woroshye idahinduka, irabura buhoro buhoro mu kirere, aside tannic ifite imiterere y’umukara wijimye ni amazi afite ubugari bw’umukara wijimye, ingano yayo ni dogere 20-22, ihura n’umwuka igihe kirekire kugira ngo ibore, Ikora ibara ry’umukara woroshye, ishonga mu mazi ashyushye, idashonga mu mazi akonje, kandi ikoreshwa nk’irangi ry’aside yo mu mazi yo mu bwoko bwa aside, irangi rya nylon ritagoramye.
2. Alkali
Sodiyumu hidroksidi (soda ikoreshwa mu gukamura)
Formula ya molekile NaOH, ingano ya sodium hydroxide ikomeye 95-99.5%, amazi 30-45%, sodium hydroxide ikomeye ni umweru, byoroshye kuyikuraho, irashonga mu mazi isohora ubushyuhe bwinshi, irangiza cyane, ishobora gutuma insinga z'inyamaswa zicika, ishobora gutera ubushye bukomeye ku ruhu, byoroshye kwinjiza dioxyde de carbone mu mwuka ikayishyira muri sodium carbonate, ibikoresho bigomba kuba inzuki, Ikoreshwa nk'umusemburo wo kugabanya irangi no nk'umuti wo gusukura ibara nyuma yo gusiga irangi ryinshi.
Sodiyumu karubone (ivu rya soda)
Formule ya molekile Na2CO3, sodium carbonate idafite amazi ni ifu y'ibara cyangwa granular nziza, ifata amazi na dioxyde de carbone mu kirere, igafatana igakora sodium bicarbonate, ishonga mu mazi, sodium carbonate y'amazi ifite igice kimwe cy'amazi, ibice birindwi by'amazi, ibice icumi by'amazi bitatu. Ikoreshwa nk'ubufasha bwo koza ubwoya, irangi ritaziguye, irangi rya vulcanized irangi rikoreshwa mu ipamba na viscose fibre dyeing, igikoresho gifata irangi rikoreshwa mu gukora ibara, igabanya ubushyuhe mu bwoya.
Ammoniyumu hidroksidi (amazi ya ammoniyumu)
Formule ya molekile NH4OH, ifite ibara ridafite ibara cyangwa umuhondo muto, ifite impumuro ikarishye, ishobora gutuma abantu barira, igomba kubikwa mu gikoresho gifunze, byoroshye kubora muri amoniya iyo ishyushye, ingano y'ibipimo byoroshye kuyiturika, witondere ko nta gikoresho cya amoniya gishyushye cyangwa izuba ritaziguye gikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cyo kumesa, kigabanya ubukana nyuma yo gusiga irangi ry'aside complexing.
Triethanolamine
Formule ya molekile N (OH2CH2OH)3, amazi adafite ibara, impumuro nke ya ammonia, umuhondo woroshye iyo uhuye n'umwuka, ubushyuhe, ishongesha mu mazi, yangiza umuringa na aluminiyumu, ikoreshwa nk'ikintu kigabanya ubushyuhe bwa urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde resin intangiriro.
Peroxide ya hydrogen
Formule ya molekyuli H2O2, umuti w'amazi wo mu nganda urimo 30-40%, amazi adafite ibara cyangwa umuhondo woroshye arakaza, ogisijeni yoroshye kubora, iyo hari aside nke mu muti, umuti uba uhamye, bityo ingano nto ya aside asetiki cyangwa aside fosforike mu bakora ibicuruzwa, nko kongeramo ammonia cyangwa andi alkali mu muti, ogisijeni vuba, ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gusohora ogisijeni, umuti wiyongera ushobora gutera umujinya ku ruhu, kuko ubitswe ahantu hakonje kandi hijimye, birinda izuba ryinshi, bikoreshwa nk'umuti wa bleach.
Sodiyumu dikrometi
Formule ya molekile Na2Cr7O7.2H2O, ifite bikromate ya sodium ingana na 98%, kristu y'umuhondo utukura, ni ogisijeni, aside ikoreshwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi isohora ogisijeni, yoroshye kuyitosesha, itukura, ifite uburozi, igomba gushyirwa mu gikoresho gifunze, ikoreshwa nk'irangi riciriritse rya mordant, irangi rya sulfure nyuma yo kuyisiga irangi.
Bikromate ya potasiyumu
Formula ya molekile K2Cr2O7, kristu itukura y'umuhondo, ni ogisijeni, ntabwo byoroshye kuyikuraho, ifite uburozi, igomba kubikwa mu kintu gifunze, gikoreshwa nk'umusemburo w'irangi rikoreshwa mu gusiga amarangi asanzwe.
permanganate ya potasiyumu
Formule ya molekile KMnO4, kristu z'umuhengeri zitanga ubururu cyangwa acicular, ni igikoresho gikomeye gitera ogisijeni, kigomba kubikwa mu gikoresho gifunze, gikoreshwa mu kuvura ubwoya bugabanuka.
Sodiyumu perborate
Formule ya molekile NaBO3.4H2O, ingano ya sodiyumu perborate 96%, kristale yera cyangwa ifu, hanyuma umwuka ukonje wumye ugahagarara neza, hanyuma umwuka ushyushye kandi utose uboze umwuka wa ogisijeni, ubushuhe bworoshye kubuvanga, bigomba kubikwa mu gikoresho gifunze, bigakoreshwa nk'ikintu gitanga ogisijeni nyuma yo gusiga irangi rya viscose hakoreshejwe irangi rya sulfide.
Hypochlorite ya sodiyumu
Formule ya molekile NaClO, ifite umuhondo werurutse udahindagurika cyane, ishongesha mu mazi, muri rusange ni umuti w’amazi wa alkaline, udafite ibara cyangwa umuhondo muto, ufite impumuro mbi, wangiza ibyuma, bitewe n’ipamba, ibikoresho by’ubwoya bihinduka umweru ndetse n’ibikoresho birangiza ubwoya bidakomera.
4. Itanga urumuri
Umuti utanga impumuro nziza ku ruhu (Fluorescent whitening agent) VBL
Ubwoko bwa Stilbene triazine, ni iy'irangi ry'ayinike, imikorere yayo yo gushushanya isa n'iya rirangi ry'ibara ...
Umuti utanga impumuro nziza ku ruhu (VBU)
Ubwoko bwa Styrene triazine, ifu y'umuhondo woroshye, ibara ni ubururu bw'umuhengeri woroshye, irashongesha mu mazi, anionic, irarwanya aside PH2-3, irarwanya alkali PH10, ishobora gukoreshwa hamwe na anionic, surfactants zitari ionic, irangi rya cationic, irangi rya synthetic resin, ariko ntishobora gukoreshwa hamwe na cationic irangi n'inyongera za cationic mu bwogero bumwe, ikwiriye umweru wa cellulosic fibre, irangi rya bleach muri resin kandi ifite aside mu bwogero bumwe.
Umuti utanga impumuro nziza ya DT
Ibikomoka kuri Benzoxazole, bishobora kugira aside ikomeye na alkali, bishonga muri ethanol, ibara ni umuhengeri wa cyan, emulsion y'umuhondo wera utambitse, ishobora kuvangwa n'amazi mu rugero urwo arirwo rwose, kuko alukolo ya polyvinyl ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho bya emulsion nk'umusemburo urinda, kandi ivanze n'umunyu utandukanye, bityo ikaba nziza mu bwogero budafite aside cyangwa budafite aside. Emulsion ya DT yavanzwe na dispersant N0.5% cyangwa irenga, mu bubiko niho ibintu bihagarara, iyo ikoreshejwe igomba kuvangwa neza kugira ngo imenye neza ubwinshi bwayo, ishobora gukoreshwa muri polyester, nylon n'izindi fibre no mu myenda ivanze ihindura umweru, nyuma ya dogere 140-160, iminota 2 yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwinshi kugira ngo igire uruhare runini mu kwera.
Igikoresho cyo kweza umweru gitanga urumuri rwa fluorescent WG
Ifu y'umuhondo, ibara ni ibara ry'ubururu bw'icyatsi kibisi, umuti w'amazi ntugira aho ubogamiye, umuti urwanya aside, urwanya amazi akomeye, icyuma n'umuringa bigira ingaruka ku mweru, birashonga gusa iyo bikoreshejwe, ntibiroroshye kubika umuti, bikoreshwa mu gutunganya ubwoya n'ubudodo bwa nylon.
Umuti utanga impumuro nziza ukoresheje fluorescent BCD
Pyrazoline, ifu y'umuhondo woroshye, urumuri rw'umuhengeri ruke, ntirushongesha mu mazi, rushobora gukwirakwizwa n'amazi ku buryo bungana, rushobora no gushonga muri ethanol, dimethylformamide, ethylene glycol, ether, n'ibindi, ntabwo ari ionic, umuti wayo w'amazi wa 1% ntugira aho ubogamiye, ukoreshwa mu gutanga urumuri rw'umweru rwa acrylic no gutanga urumuri rw'umunyu.
5. Gabanya
Sulfide ya sodiyumu (sulfide ya alkali)
Formule ya molekile Na2S.9H2O, sulfide ya sodiyumu 60%, umuhondo cyangwa umuhondo utukura, impumuro y'igi ryaboze, byoroshye kwinjiza ubushuhe mu kirere no kuyungurura muri sodiyumu thiosulfate, ishongesha mu mazi ni alkaline cyane, irangirika ku muringa, ikoreshwa nk'umusemburo w'irangi rigabanya ubushyuhe.
Ifu y'ubwishingizi (sodium hyposulfite)
Formula ya molekile Na2S2O4, ifu y’ubwishingizi bw’inganda 85-95%, ibicuruzwa ntibirimo amazi ya kristu ya kristu nziza y’umweru; Ifu irimo imigati ifite uburyohe bukabije bwo gushyuha; Irinde ubushuhe, ubushyuhe cyangwa guhura n’ikirere, kugira ngo hirindwe ogisijeni n’izindi ngaruka zo kwangirika, ibikwa mu gikoresho gifunze, kidapfa ubushuhe, kidapfa ubushyuhe, kidapfa kwangirika; Ifite imbaraga zikomeye zo kugabanya ubushyuhe, kandi amazi arashya; Ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gikuraho imyenda irangi n'ikintu gikuraho amabara agenda mu kirere nyuma yo gusiga irangi rya polyester.
Ifu y'umusatsi yakuweho ibara
Ni uruvange rwa 60% by'ifu y'ubwishingizi na 40% by'ifu ya sodium pyrophosphate, ifu yera, ibikwa mu gikoresho gifunze, ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, oxidation no kwangirika, byoroshye gutera gutwika cyangwa guturika nyuma y'ubushyuhe, ni ikintu kigabanya ubushyuhe, gifite ingaruka zikomeye zo gushonga, gikoreshwa n'ubwoya bwa bleached, silk n'ibindi.
Ifu ya Glyph (agace ka glyph, sodium bisulfate formaldehyde)
Formula ya molekile NaHSO2.CH2O.2H2O, ifu yera 98%, ifu yera ya kristu cyangwa bloki, igomba kubikwa mu gikoresho gifunze, ubushyuhe, idahura n'ubushuhe, kugira ngo igabanyirize ubwoya, inganda zicapa ipamba mu isohora ibikoresho bigabanya imashini icapa, ibikoresho byo gukuraho irangi ku myenda.
Sodiyumu bisulfite
Formule ya molekile NaHSO3, ifu y'umweru ya kristu cyangwa iy'amakristali, impumuro ya dioxyde de sulfur, ishonga mu mazi, amazi afite alkaline nkeya, ishonga byoroshye, ihinduka sulfate mu kirere, ikabikwa mu gikoresho gifunze, ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gishyiraho imiti mu mwenda w'ubwoya, ikintu gifasha mu kugabanya ubwoya.
Sodiyumu sulfite
Formula ya molekile Na2SO3, ishongeshwa mu mazi, yoroshye kuyivanga na sulfate y'umwuka, yoroshye gutakaza amazi kugira ngo ahinduke ifu y'umweru ya kristu, ibikwa mu bikoresho bifunze, ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gishyiraho imiti mu mwenda w'ubwoya n'ikintu gifasha mu kugabanya ubwoya.
6. Umunyu
Sodiyumu kloride (umunyu wo ku meza)
Formula ya molekile NaCl, kristali yera, ikora nk'iyoroheje, ikoreshwa nk'iyihuse mu irangi ritaziguye, rivanze, rigabanya, kandi nk'ivugurura ihererekanya rya iyoni mu koroshya amazi.
Sodiyumu asetati
Formule ya molekile CH3COONa.3H2O, acetate ya sodiyumu ikoze mu nganda irimo amazi atatu ya kristu agera kuri 60% ya acetate ya sodiyumu, ishongeshwa mu mazi, yoroshye guhangana n'ikirere, acetate ya sodiyumu idakora nk'ifu yera, ikoreshwa nk'iyoroheje nyuma yo gusiga irangi rya aside complex; acrylic ikoresheje irangi rya Cationic ni uburyo bwo gukingira agaciro ka PH.
Sulfate ya Cupric
Formule ya molekile CuSO4.5H2O, irimo amazi 5 ya kristu ni kristu y'ubururu bwijimye, nta mazi ya kristu ni ifu y'ubururu bworoshye, ni uburozi, irashongeshwa mu mazi, ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gifata irangi nyuma yo gusiga irangi ry'umunyu w'umuringa mu buryo butaziguye.
Sulfate ya Ammonium
Formule ya molekile (NH4)2SO4, kristu nto z'umweru cyangwa umuhondo muto, zikoreshwa nk'irangi ry'aside yo mu bwoko bwa aside yo mu bwoko bwa aside, irangi ry'aside yo mu bwoko bwa aside yo mu bwoko bwa aside, irangi ry'aside yo mu bwoko bwa aside yo mu bwoko bwa aside, irangi ry'irangi ritagoramye, urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde resin catalyst.
Asetate ya Ammoniyumu
Formule ya molekile CH3COONH4, kristu yera cyangwa kristu, irashya neza, ihumura gato, ishongesha mu mazi byoroshye, umuti w'amazi ni aside, ihinduka aside asetiki na ammonia, akenshi ikoreshwa na aside asetiki na ammonia, ikoreshwa nk'irangi ry'aside yo mu mazi rifasha mu irangi ry'aside yo mu mazi ridafite aside.
Hexametafosfeti ya sodiyumu
Formule ya molekile (NaPO3)6, utuntu duto tudafite ibara cyangwa uduce tw'umweru, tworoshye gutandukanya, mu kirere tuzaba dufite amazi, twongerewemo phosphate ya disodium, dukoreshwe nk'ikintu cyoroshya amazi.
Ammonium chloride
Formule ya molekile NH4Cl, crystallization y'umweru ihindura imiterere y'ubushyuhe, ihinduka NH3 na HCl, ikoreshwa nk'ingufu zo kurangiza resin.
Kloride ya manyeziyumu
Formule ya molekile MgCl2.6H2O, kristu y'umweru ishobora gukurwamo, ishongeshwa mu mazi, ikoreshwa nk'ingufu zo kurangiza resin.
Formula ya molekile ya sodium pyrophosphate Na4P4O7.10H2O, kristu imwe y’ikiriniki, yashongeshejwe mu mazi, ikabira muri disodium hydrogen phosphate, umuti w’amazi ni alkaline. Ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gikomeza ubuziranenge mu gusibanganya ubwiza bwa hydrogen peroxide.
Tartarite (potaziyamu tartrate)
Formula ya molekile K(SbO)C4H4O6.1/2H2O, potasiyumu tartrate ifite 98%, ifu y'umweru cyangwa iy'umweru idafite ibara, irimo uburozi, izahinduka mu kirere, ishongeshwa mu mazi, umuti w'amazi ufite aside nke, ugomba kubikwa mu kintu gifunze kugira ngo wirinde gushonga, hamwe na aside tannic nk'irangi rito ry'aside yo mu mazi, irangi rya nylon ritabangamira irangi.
Sodiyumu sulfate
Formule ya molekile Na2SO4, ibicuruzwa birimo sulfate icumi ya kristu y'amazi (crystallization transparent mu gice cyangwa urushinge) na sulfate y'amazi mabi (ifu yera), idafite impumuro, umunyu n'ubusharire, ishongeshwa mu mazi, ikoreshwa nk'irangi ritaziguye, amarangi ya sulfure, amarangi akoreshwa, VAT dyes agent yo guteza imbere irangi, dyes ya aside ikora buhoro, dyes ya synthetic woshing worship synergist.
7. Abluent
Isabune ya Mercerizing
Ni uruvange rw'aside irike ya sodium umunyu C17H35COONa na C17H33COONa, surfactant ya anionic, ikuraho ubwandu neza kandi ikora emulsification, ntirwanya amazi akomeye, kandi yoroshya hydrolysis y'amazi.
601 Formule ya molekile ikoreshwa mu gusukura CnH2n+1SO3Na, umubare mpuzandengo wa atome za karuboni ni 16, surfactant ya anionic, amazi y'umuhondo woroheje, yoroshye gushonga mu mazi, hafi alkyl sodium sulfonate (AS) 25%, sodium chloride 5%, amazi 70%, 1% y'umuti w'amazi PH ni 7-9, imbaraga zikomeye zo gukumira, aside, alkali, no kwihanganira amazi akomeye.
Isabune y'inganda
Surfactant ya Anionic, ifu ya beige, yoroshye gushonga mu mazi, irimo sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate (AAS) 30%, sodium sulfate 68%, amazi 2%, 1% by'umuti w'amazi PH ya 7-9, gusukura, kwinjira, emulsification n'ibindi biranga neza cyane, aside, alkali, amazi akomeye, ubudahangarwa bwo kwinjiza ubushuhe ni bwinshi, ariko ubushobozi bwo gukumira umwanda mu gufatana ni buke. Ishobora kunozwa hakoreshejwe ingano nto ya carboxymethyl cellulose.
Umukozi wo gusukura LS (Umukozi wo gusukura MA)
Sodium ifite amavuta amide p-methoxybenzenesulfonate, sodium anionic surfactant, ifu y'umukara, yoroshye gushonga mu mazi, 1% y'amazi nta ruhushya, yaba yogejwe mu mazi yoroshye cyangwa akomeye, kwinjira kwayo, imikorere yayo ni myiza, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza, kugabanya ubukana, aside, alkali, n'amazi akomeye.
209 Isabune yo kwisiga
N, N-fatty acyl methyl taurine sodium, anionic surfactant, umuti ni umuhondo woroshye, ushobora gushonga mu mazi, 1% by'umuti w'amazi ufite agaciro ka PH ka 7.2-8, urimo hafi 20% by'ibintu bikora, gukaraba, kunganya, kwinjira no gushonga ni byiza, aside, alkali, n'amazi akomeye birarwanya.
Isabune yo koza 105 (Isabune yo koza 105)
Ni uruvange rwa polyoxyethylene aliphatic alcohol ether 24%, polyoxyethylene phenyl alkyl phenol ether 10-12%, amavuta ya kokonati alkyl amide 24% n'amazi 40%, surfactant itari ionic, amazi y'umukara woroshye, igice gikora 60%, byoroshye gushonga mu mazi, 1% y'umuti w'amazi ufite agaciro ka PH kagera kuri 9, hamwe no kunywesha, kwinjira, gushonga, gukwirakwira, gusohora ifuro, gukuraho amavuta n'ibindi.
Ramibon A (isabune 613)
Aside amine aside sodiyumu irimo amavuta, aside kloride irimo amavuta na poroteyine hidrolitiki, surfactants za anionic, ku mazi y’umukara mwinshi, igice cy’ingenzi muri rusange ni 40%, byoroshye gushonga mu mazi, 1% by’umuti w’amazi PH ifite agaciro ka 8, impumuro y’aside amine, kurwanya alkali, kurwanya amazi akomeye, kudahangana na aside, ikoreshwa nk’umuti wo gusukura no gukurura, imbaraga nke zo gukuraho amavuta, ikora kandi irangi ritaziguye, irangi rya vulcanized homogenizer.
Isabune yo koza
Ibikomoka kuri imidazole bya ethylene oxide, ibikomoka kuri surfactants bitari ionic, bifite ingaruka nziza zo kumesera, gukwirakwiza, gusya n'ibindi, bibereye gukaraba ku bushyuhe buri hasi bwa dogere 30-50, amazi y'umuhondo woroshye kandi abonerana, agaciro ka PH 5-6 y'amazi, birwanya amazi akomeye, birwanya alkali, birwanya aside, birwanya gukaraba no gusya neza, kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza, gusya, kugereranya, bishobora kuvangwa n'ibikomoka kuri surfactants n'amabara atandukanye, kandi bikunze gukoreshwa mu gusukura imyenda y'ubwoya no gutunganya acrylic mbere yo gusiga irangi, bishobora gutuma amarangi ya cationic ahinduka irangi ku buryo bungana.