Uburyo bwa PAC/PAM bwo gukoresha

Polyaluminum chloride: PAC mu magambo ahinnye, izwi kandi nka chloride y'ibanze ya aluminiyumu cyangwa hydroxyl aluminiyumu chloride.

Ihame: Binyuze mu musaruro wa hydrolysis wa polyaluminum chloride cyangwa polyaluminum chloride, imvura ya colloidal mu myanda cyangwa mu myanda ikorwa vuba, ibyo bikaba byoroshye gutandukanya uduce duto tw’amazi. Imikorere: Imiterere n'imikorere ya PAC bifitanye isano n'ubukana bw'amazi, uburyo bwo kuyategura, imiterere y'umwanda n'ingano y'amazi ya alumina.

1, iyo alkalinity ya polyaluminum chloride y'amazi meza iri hagati ya 40% ~ 60%, iba ari amazi y'umuhondo woroshye abonerana. Iyo alkalinity irenze 60%, igenda ihinduka amazi y'umuhondo atagira ibara.

2, iyo alkalinity iri munsi ya 30%, polyaluminum chloride ikomeye ni lens.

3, iyo alkalinity iri hagati ya 30% na 60%, iba ari ibintu bya kolloidal.

4, iyo alkalinity irenze 60%, igenda ihinduka ikirahure cyangwa resin. Polyaluminum chloride ikomeye ikozwe muri bauxite cyangwa ibumba ry’amabuye y’agaciro iba umuhondo cyangwa umukara.

Ishusho ry'ibicuruzwa

Ishyirwa mu byiciro rusange

22-24% by'ibikubiye muri iki gitabo: Umusaruro w’inganda ukozwe mu buryo bwo kumisha ingoma, hatabayeho kuyungurura amasahani n’amasafuriya, ibikoresho bidashonga amazi biri hejuru, ni cyo giciro cy’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’inganda, ahanini bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda.

26% by'ibikubiye muri iki gitabo: Umusaruro w’inganda ukorwa mu buryo bwo kumisha ingoma, hatabayeho kuyungurura amasahani n’amasafuriya, ibikoresho bidashonga amazi biri munsi ya 22-24%, iki gicuruzwa ni cyo gipimo cy’igihugu cy’urwego rw’inganda, igiciro kiri hejuru gato, gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutunganya amazi yanduye mu nganda.

28% by'ibikubiye muri iki gitabo: Ibi bifite ubwoko bubiri bw'inzira zo kumisha ingoma no kumisha imiyoboro, akayunguruzo k'amazi anyuze mu gikoresho cy'isahani, amazi adashonga kurusha abiri ya mbere, ni ibya PAC yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, bishobora gukoreshwa mu gutunganya imyanda idahumanye cyane no gutunganya amazi yo mu robine mbere yo kuyasukura.

Ibikubiye muri 30%: Hari ubwoko bubiri bwo kumisha ingoma no kumisha spray, amazi akoreshwa mu kuyungurura icyuma binyuze mu gikoresho cy’amazi, ni ubw’ibicuruzwa bya PAC byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu nganda zikora amazi yo mu robine ndetse n’amazi yo mu ngo adasukurwa cyane.

Ibikubiye muri 32%: Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe spray yumisha, bitandukanye n'ibindi bicuruzwa, iyi PAC isa n'umweru, ifite ubwiza bwinshi bwa polyaluminum chloride idakoresha feri, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nziza z'ibinyabutabire n'inganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga, ni ingenzi mu biribwa.

Polyacrylamide: yitwa PA M, izwi cyane nka flocculant cyangwa coagulant

Ihame: Uruhererekane rwa molekile rwa PAM n'igice cya gazi gishingiye ku ngaruka zitandukanye za mekanike, fiziki, shimi n'izindi, igice cya gazi gifitanye isano, kigakora urusobe, bityo bikongera uruhare.

Imikorere: PAM ni ifu yera, ishongeshwa mu mazi, hafi ya yose ntishongeshwa muri benzene, eteri, lipide, acetone n'ibindi bintu bisukura organic, umuti w'amazi wa polyacrylamide ni amazi abonerana kandi agaragara neza, ni ikintu kitangiza, nticyangiza, PAM ikomeye ifite hygroscopicity, hygroscopicity yiyongera uko urugero rwa iyoni rwiyongera.

Ishusho ry'ibicuruzwa

Ishyirwa mu byiciro rusange

PAM hakurikijwe imiterere yayo y'itsinda ridashobora kwangirika igabanyijemo polyacrylamide ya anionic, polyacrylamide ya cationic na polyacrylamide itari ionic. Polyacrylamide ya ionic.

PAM ya Cationic: umwanda ukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa biochemical

PAM ya Anionic: imyanda n'imyanda bifite ingufu nke, nk'uruganda rw'icyuma, uruganda rutunganya amashanyarazi, uruganda rutunganya ibyuma, koza amakara, gukuraho ivumbi n'indi myanda, bigira ingaruka nziza

PAM itari iy'ionic: kuri cationic na anionic bigira ingaruka nziza, ariko igiciro cyayo kirahenze cyane, muri rusange ntabwo gikunze gukoreshwa

Byombi byongewe ku mabwiriza yo gukoresha

Kuziba amazi ni iki? Nyuma yo kongeramo amazi avanze neza n'amazi, imyanda myinshi ya colloid iri mu mazi itakaza ubusugire, kandi uduce twa colloid tudahindagurika tugongana tugahurirana mu kidendezi cyo kuziba amazi, hanyuma hagakorwa floc ishobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura.

Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku gukurura kw'ibinure

Uburyo bwo gukura kw'udukoko ni uburyo bwo gukorana no gukubitana kw'uduce duto.

Ubwiza bw'ingaruka za flocculation buterwa n'ibintu bibiri bikurikira:

1 ubushobozi bwa polymer complexes zikozwe na hydrolysis ya coagulant bwo gukora ikiraro cy’urukiramende rw’amazi, bigenwa n’imiterere ya coagulants

2 amahirwe yo kugongana kw'uduce duto n'uburyo bwo kubigenzura kugira ngo bikomane neza kandi bigire ingaruka nziza. Amashami y'ubuhanga mu gutunganya amazi yemera ko kugira ngo hongerwe amahirwe yo kugongana, umuvuduko w'amazi ugomba kongerwa, kandi ingufu zikoreshwa mu mazi zigomba kongerwa binyuze mu kongera umuvuduko w'umuvuduko, ni ukuvuga kongera umuvuduko w'amazi mu kidendezi cy'amazi (inyongera: niba uduce twishyize hamwe kandi tugakura vuba cyane mu mazi, tuzasenywa. Hari ibibazo bibiri: 1 floc ikura vuba cyane imbaraga zayo ziragabanuka, mu nzira y'amazi ihura nayo, gukata cyane bizatuma ikiraro cy'amazi gicibwa, ikiraro cy'amazi giciwe biragoye gukomeza kuzamuka, bityo inzira yo kugongana nayo ni inzira nto, hamwe n'ikura rya floc, umuvuduko w'amazi ugomba kugabanuka, ku buryo floc yakozwe itoroshye kuvunika; 2 floc imwe ikura vuba cyane izatuma ubuso bw'amazi bugabanuka cyane, bimwe mu bikorwa ntibitunganye uduce duto twatakaje imiterere y'ibikorwa, utu duce duto n'uduce tunini dushobora kugongana biragabanuka cyane, biragoye kongera gukura, utu duce ntidushobora gusa ku Iyo ikigega cy’amazi cyagumanye, biragoye kandi kugibika kuri filter.)

Ongeraho ibisabwa

Mu ntangiriro z'ingaruka zo kongeramo umwuka uvanze, ni ngombwa kongera amahirwe yo guhura n'imyanda uko bishoboka kose, kongera umuvuduko wo kuvanga cyangwa gutemba. Bitewe n'uko amazi atembera n'amazi atembera hamwe n'umuvuduko w'amazi hagati y'amazi atembera kugira ngo wongere umuvuduko, bityo amahirwe yo gukubitana kw'uduce tw'amazi yiyongere, bityo floc condensation. Kandi ku ngaruka za nyuma, kugira ngo bigabanye umuvuduko, bishobora gutuma flocculation irushaho kuba nziza, ingaruka z'imvura zirushaho kwiyongera.

Kongeramo ibikoresho: Agasanduku k'imiti, ikigega cyo kubikamo imiti, agakoresho ko gupima, ipompo yo gupima n'ibikoresho byo gupima. Bifite uburyo bwo gukoresha

PAC, PAM itangwa (yakuwe mu gafuka ko gupakira imiti hanyuma yongerwa mu gikoresho cyo kuyisesa). PAC na PAM itangwa hakurikijwe ubunararibonye: PAC itangwa mu kigega cyo kuyisesa ya 5%-10%, PAM itangwa 0.1%-0.3%, amakuru yavuzwe haruguru ajyanye n'ubwiza, ni ukuvuga buri kibe cy'amazi ya PAC 50-100kg, PAM 1-3kg. Iki kibe cy'amazi ni kinini, ubushobozi bwo kuyisesa bwa PAM ni buke, hakenewe kuyivangavanga neza umuvuduko uri hagati kugeza ishongeshejwe burundu. Mu mpeshyi, ikibe cy'amazi ya PAM gishobora kongerwa neza kugeza kuri 0.3-0.5%. Fata ikibe cy'amazi ya PAC ya 10%, PAM itangwa 0.5%, hanyuma buri kibe cy'amazi ya PAC yashongeshejwe ya 100kg, PAM 5kg, hindura uruziga rw'amazi ya diaphragm, hakurikijwe imibare ya metero kibe 1 / amasaha 24, ni ukuvuga Q = litiro 42 / isaha, ishobora kugera ku ngaruka nziza yo gutunganya imyanda. Igipimo cya PAC, PAM cy’umuti wo gusukura amazi y’imyanda (cyashongeshejwe mu mazi y’umwimerere) Igipimo cya PAC muri rusange ni 50-100ppm, PAM 2-5ppm, ppm unit ni kimwe cya miliyoni imwe, bityo bigahindurwamo garama 50-100 za PAC kuri toni y’umwanda, garama 2-5 za PAM, muri rusange hakurikijwe iki gipimo. Niba ubushobozi bwo gusukura amazi y’imyanda buri munsi ari metero kibe 2000, igipimo cya PAC gikurikije 50ppm, igipimo cya PAM gikurikije ibarwa rya 2ppm, icyo gihe igipimo cya PAC buri munsi ni 100kg, igipimo cya PAM ni 4kg. Igipimo cyavuzwe haruguru kibarwa hakurikijwe uburambe rusange, igipimo cyihariye n’igipimo bigomba gushingira ku igerageza ryihariye ry’ubwiza bw’amazi. Kubara agaciro gashyizweho mu gipimo cy’amazi akoreshwa mu gupima ipompo.

Nyuma yo kongeramo icyo kintu mu myanda cyangwa mu gishanga, kigomba kuvangwa neza. Igihe cyo kuvanga muri rusange ni amasegonda 10-30, muri rusange ntikirenza iminota 2. Igipimo cyihariye cy'icyo kintu n'ubwinshi bw'uduce twa colloidal, ibintu bikomeye bihagaze mu myanda cyangwa mu gishanga, imiterere n'ibikoresho byo kugitunganya bifitanye isano rikomeye, igipimo cyo kugitunganya kuri bimwe, igipimo cyiza kiboneka binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwinshi. Dukurikije igipimo cyiza (ppm1 kugira ngo wongereho igipimo) n'amazi atembera (t/h) hamwe n'imiterere y'igipimo cy'umuti (ppm2 preparation concentration), bishobora kubarwa ku gaciro k'ikimenyetso cyerekana flowmeter ya pompe (LPM). Agaciro k'ikimenyetso cyerekana flowmeter ya pompe (LPM) = amazi atembera (t/h)/60×PPM1 kugira ngo wongereho igipimo /PPM2 preparation concentration.

Icyitonderwa: ppm ni kimwe cya miliyoni imwe; igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amazi mu gupima, LPM ni litiro/umunota; GPM ni galoni/umunota