Uburyo bwo gukora no gukoresha selulose ya sodium carboxymethyl (CMC)
Selulosi ya sodium carboxymethyl (CMC) ni eteri ya selulosi ishonga mu mazi, ikomoka kuri selulosi karemano na aside chloroacetic binyuze mu guhindura imiti. Umuti wayo w'amazi ufite imirimo yo gukurura, gukora firime, guhuza, kubika amazi, kurinda kolloidal, emulsification no gusunika, kandi ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umusemburo wo gukurura amazi, umusemburo wo gukaraba, umusemburo wo gukaraba, umusemburo wo kubika amazi, umusemburo wo gupima ingano, ibikoresho byo gukora firime, nibindi, ikoreshwa cyane mu biribwa, mu buvuzi, mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, mu miti yica udukoko, mu ruhu, muri pulasitiki, mu gucapa, mu byuma bya ceramic, mu nganda za shimi za buri munsi n'ahandi.
Selulosi ya sodium carboxymethyl muri rusange ni ifu ikomeye, rimwe na rimwe ikaba ifite utubumbe duto cyangwa uduce duto, ifite ibara ry'umweru cyangwa umuhondo woroshye, nta mpumuro idasanzwe, ni ikintu cya macromolecular chemical, gifite ubushobozi bwo gutoha cyane, gishobora gushonga mu mazi, mu mazi kugira ngo kibe umuti utose kandi ubonerana cyane. Ntishobora gushonga mu bisubizo rusange bya organic, nka ethanol, ether, chloroform na benzene, ariko ishobora gushonga mu mazi, ishonga mu mazi igenda buhoro, ariko gushonga biracyari byinshi cyane, kandi umuti w'amazi ufite ubukana runaka. Ikomeye mu bidukikije muri rusange irahamye kurushaho, kuko ifite uburyo bwo kwinjiza amazi n'ubushuhe, mu bidukikije byumye, ishobora kubikwa igihe kirekire.
① Uburyo bwo gukora
1. Uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi mu buryo buciriritse
Uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi n'amakara ni uburyo bwo gukora kare mu gutegura cellulose ya sodium carboxymethyl mu nganda. Muri ubu buryo, cellulose ya alkali n'ikintu gitanga umwuka mwiza bikorana mu gisubizo cy'amazi kirimo iyoni za okiside ogisijeni, kandi amazi akoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo gukora mu buryo bwo gukora, nta binyabutabire by'umwimerere.
2. Uburyo bwo gushongesha
Uburyo bwo gushonga ni uburyo bwo gushonga bw’umwimerere, bukaba ari uburyo bwo gukora bushingiye ku buryo bwo gusimbuza amazi n’uburyo bwo gushonga bw’umwimerere nk’uburyo bwo gukora. Uburyo bwo gushushanya no gusya alkali cellulose na aside monochloroacetic mu kintu cyo gushonga cy’umwimerere. Dukurikije ingano y’uburyo bwo gukora, bushobora kugabanywamo uburyo bwo gusya n’uburyo bwo koga. Ingano y’ikintu cyo gusya cy’umwimerere gikoreshwa mu buryo bwo gusya ni nini cyane kuruta iyo mu buryo bwo gusya, kandi ingano y’ikintu cyo gusya cy’umwimerere gikoreshwa mu buryo bwo gusya ni igipimo cy’uburemere bw’ingano ya cellulose, mu gihe ingano y’ikintu cyo gusya cy’umwimerere gikoreshwa mu buryo bwo gusya ni igipimo cy’uburemere bw’ingano ya cellulose. Iyo cellulose ya sodium carboxymethyl iteguwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo koga, ikintu cyo gusya cy’umwimerere kiba kiri mu buryo bwo gusya cyangwa bwo gusya muri sisitemu, bityo uburyo bwo koga bwitwa uburyo bwo gusya.
3. Uburyo bwo gusya
Uburyo bwo gusya ni ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gukora selulosi ya sodium carboxymethyl. Uburyo bwo gusya ntibushobora gusa gukora selulosi ya sodium carboxymethyl cellulose isukuye cyane, ahubwo bunakora selulosi ya sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ifite ubushobozi bwo gusya cyane kandi isimburana. Uburyo bwo gukora uburyo bwo gusya ni ubu bukurikira: ipamba yasyaga ifu yoherezwa mu mashini ipima alkalizing ifite isopropyl alcohol, hanyuma umuti wa sodium hydroxide wongerwamo mu gihe cyo kuvanga ugashyirwamo alkalizing, kandi ubushyuhe bwa alkalizing ni hafi 20°C. Nyuma yo gusya, ibikoresho bishyirwa mu mashini ipima eterizing, hanyuma umuti wa isopropyl alcohol wa aside chloroacetic wongerwamo, kandi ubushyuhe bwa eterizing ni hafi 65°C. Hakurikijwe ibisabwa byihariye mu ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa n'ubuziranenge, ingano ya alkalizing, igihe cya eterizing n'igihe cya eterizing n'ibindi bipimo by'imikorere birashobora guhindurwa.
② Uburyo bwo gukoresha
1. CMC si ikintu cyiza cyo gukurura no gukurura ibiryo mu buryo bwiza, ahubwo inagira ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha no gushonga neza, kandi ishobora kunoza uburyohe bw'ibicuruzwa no kongera igihe cyo kubibika.
2. Muri sabune, CMC ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti urwanya ihinduka ry'imyanda, cyane cyane ku ngaruka za fibre zikozwe mu buryo bwa hydrophobic, ikaba irusha fibre ya carboxymethyl.
3. Mu gucukura peteroli hashobora gukoreshwa mu kurinda amariba y'amavuta nk'ikintu gikomeza ibyondo, gifasha mu kubika amazi, ingano ya buri riba ry'amavuta ni toni 2 ~ 3 z'amariba magufi, amariba maremare 5 ~ 6 z'amariba.
4. Ikoreshwa mu nganda z'imyenda nk'imashini igabanya ubunini, icapa n'irangi ry'imyenda, icapa n'irangiza ryo gukomeretsa imyenda.
5. Ikoreshwa nk'ikintu kirwanya gusiga amarangi, emulsifier, dispersant, leveling agent, kole, ishobora gutuma igice gikomeye cy'irangi gikwirakwira neza mu kintu kivanze, ku buryo irangi ritavangwa igihe kirekire, ahubwo rikanakoreshwa muri putty.
6. Nk'umuti wo gukuraho iyoni za kalisiyumu kurusha sodium gluconate, utuma ubushobozi bwo guhinduranya bugera kuri 1.6ml/g.
7. Mu nganda z'impapuro zikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cyo gupima impapuro, zishobora kongera imbaraga z'impapuro n'amavuta mu buryo bwumye no mu buryo butose, kwinjizwa kwa wino no kudakoresha amazi.
8. Nk'umuti wo mu bwoko bwa hydrosol mu mavuta yo kwisiga, ukoreshwa nk'umuti wongera ubukana mu bwoya bw'amenyo, ingano yawo ni hafi 5%.