Uruhare rwa polyacrylamide mu nganda mu gucukura peteroli

Imiterere ya polyacrylamide mu nganda mu gutuma amazi akomera, ahindagurika, kandi agakoreshwa mu kugenzura imikorere y’amavuta mu mitsi, bituma igira uruhare runini mu gukora peteroli. Ikoreshwa cyane mu gucukura, gufunga amazi, gushyiramo aside, gucikamo ibice, gukaraba amariba, kurangiza amariba, kugabanya ubukana bw’amazi, kurwanya ubugari no gukuraho amavuta.

Muri rusange, ikoreshwa rya polyacrylamide ni ukugira ngo habeho kongera igipimo cyo kugarura peteroli. By'umwihariko, imirima myinshi ya peteroli yinjiye mu musaruro wa kabiri n'uwa gatatu, ubujyakuzimu bw'ikigega muri rusange burenga metero 1000, naho uburebure bumwe bw'ikigega bugera kuri metero 7000. Ubudasa bw'imiterere n'ubujyakuzimu bw'ibigega bya peteroli byo mu mazi byashyizeho amabwiriza akomeye yo kugarura peteroli.

Muri byo, umusaruro mwinshi wa peteroli n'umusaruro wa peteroli yo mu mazi nabyo byashyize imbere ibisabwa bishya kuri PAM, bisaba ko irwanya gushwanyagurika, ubushyuhe bwinshi (hejuru ya 100 ° C kugeza 200 ° C), iyoni ya kalisiyumu, iyoni ya manyeziyumu, ubudahangarwa bw'amazi yo mu nyanja, kuva mu myaka ya 1980. Hatewe intambwe nini mu bushakashatsi bw'ibanze, gutegura, ubushakashatsi ku ikoreshwa no guteza imbere ubwoko butandukanye bwa PAM bukwiriye kugaruzwa peteroli mu mahanga.

Polyacrylamide y'inganda ikoreshwa nk'igikoresho cyo gukosora amazi yo gucukura no kongeramo amazi yo gucika:

Polyacrylamide ifite hydrolyzed igice (HPAM), ikomoka kuri hydrolysis ya polyacrylamide, ikunze gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo guhindura amazi yo gucukura. Inshingano zayo ni ukugenzura imiterere y'amazi yo gucukura, gutwara ibice, gushyira amavuta ku gice cyo gucukura, kugabanya igihombo cy'amazi, nibindi. Amazi yo gucukura yahinduwe na polyacrylamide afite uburemere buke, bushobora kugabanya igitutu n'ifunga ry'ikigega cya peteroli na gazi, byoroshye kubona ikigega cya peteroli na gazi, kandi ni nziza mu gucukura, umuvuduko wo gucukura uri hejuru ya 19% ugereranije n'amazi asanzwe yo gucukura, kandi hafi 45% ugereranyije n'igipimo cyo gucukura cyakoreshejwe mu buryo bwa mashini.

Byongeye kandi, bishobora kugabanya cyane impanuka zo gucukura zafatiriwe, kugabanya kwangirika kw'ibikoresho, no gukumira igihombo no gusenyuka. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gucukura ni igipimo cy'ingenzi cyo gukangura mu guteza imbere uburiri bukomeye mu mirima ya peteroli. Amavuta yo gucukura ya Polyacrylamide afatanye akoreshwa cyane kubera ubunini bwayo, ubushyuhe buke, ubushobozi bwo gucukura umucanga uhagaze neza, kuyungurura bike, ubunini buhamye, ibisigazwa bike, ubwinshi buhagije, gutegura byoroshye kandi bihendutse.

Mu kuvura kuvunika no gutera aside, polyacrylamide itegurwa mu buryo bw'amazi bufite igipimo cya 0.01% kugeza kuri 4% hanyuma igashyirwa mu buryo bwo munsi y'ubutaka kugira ngo ivunike. Umuti wa polyacrylamide wo mu nganda ufite akazi ko gukurura no gutwara umucanga no kugabanya igihombo cy'amazi yo kuvunika. Byongeye kandi, polyacrylamide ifite akamaro ko kugabanya ubudahangarwa, ku buryo igihombo cyo kwimura umuvuduko gishobora kugabanuka.