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Urea
Ni ifumbire mvaruganda igizwe na karubone, azote, ogisijeni na hydrogène, kimwe mu bintu byoroheje kama kama, kandi nicyo kintu nyamukuru kirimo azote kirimo umusaruro wa nyuma wa protein metabolism no kubora mu nyamaswa z’inyamabere n’amafi amwe, kandi urea ikomatanyirizwa na amoniya na karubone. dioxyde mu nganda mubihe bimwe.
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Ammonium Bicarbonate
Amonium bicarbonate ni uruganda rwera, granular, isahani cyangwa inkingi ya kristu, impumuro ya amoniya.Ammonium bicarbonate ni ubwoko bwa karubone, ammonium bicarbonate ifite ioni ya amonium muri formulaire ya chimique, ni ubwoko bwumunyu wa amonium, kandi umunyu wa amonium ntushobora gushyirwa hamwe na alkali, bityo bicarbonate ya amonium ntigomba gushyirwa hamwe na hydroxide ya sodium cyangwa calcium hydroxide .
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Potasiyumu Carbone
Ikintu kidasanzwe, gishonga nkifu ya kirisiti yera, gushonga mumazi, alkaline mumuti wamazi, idashobora gushonga muri Ethanol, acetone, na ether.Hygroscopique ikomeye, ihuye nikirere irashobora gukuramo dioxyde de carbone namazi, muri potasiyumu bicarbonate.
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Potasiyumu Chloride
Ikintu kidasanzwe kimeze nkumunyu mubigaragara, bifite kirisiti yera kandi ifite umunyu mwinshi, impumuro nziza, nuburyohe bwa nontoxic.Gushonga mumazi, ether, glycerol na alkali, gushonga gake muri Ethanol, ariko ntigishobora gukomera muri Ethanol ya anhydrous, hygroscopique, byoroshye guteka;Ubushobozi bwo mumazi bwiyongera vuba hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe, kandi akenshi bigasubirana numunyu wa sodium kugirango bibe umunyu mushya wa potasiyumu.
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Sulfate
Sulfate ya ferrous ni ibintu bidasanzwe, hydrata ya hrstalline ni heptahydrate ku bushyuhe busanzwe, bakunze kwita “icyatsi kibisi”, icyatsi kibisi cyerurutse, ikirere cyumuyaga wumuyaga, okiside yo hejuru ya sulfate yumukara wibanze mu kirere cyuzuye, kuri 56,6 ℃ kugirango ibe tetrahydrate, kuri 65 ℃ guhinduka monohydrate.Sulfate ya ferrous irashobora gushonga mumazi kandi hafi yo kudashonga muri Ethanol.Igisubizo cyacyo cyamazi gihumeka gahoro gahoro mugihe gikonje, kandi kigahindura vuba iyo gishyushye.Ongeraho alkali cyangwa guhura nurumuri birashobora kwihuta okiside.Ubucucike bugereranije (d15) ni 1.897.
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Amonium Chloride
Umunyu wa Amonium wa acide hydrochloric, ahanini biva mu nganda za alkali.Ibiryo bya azote bingana na 24% ~ 26%, cyera cyangwa cyoroheje cyumuhondo cyangwa octahedral ntoya ya kristu, ifu na granulaire ya dosiye ebyiri, chloride ammonium chloride ntabwo byoroshye gukurura ubushuhe, byoroshye kubika, hamwe nifu ya chloride amonium ikoreshwa cyane nkibanze ifumbire yo kubyara ifumbire mvaruganda.Ni ifumbire ya acide physiologique, idakwiye gukoreshwa kubutaka bwa acide nubutaka bwa saline-alkali kubera chlorine nyinshi, kandi ntibigomba gukoreshwa nkifumbire yimbuto, ifumbire yimbuto cyangwa ifumbire yamababi.
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Magnesium Chloride
Ikintu kidasanzwe kigizwe na chlorine 74.54% na magnesium 25.48% kandi mubisanzwe birimo molekile esheshatu zamazi ya kristaline, MgCl2.6H2O.Monoclinic kristal, cyangwa umunyu, ifite ruswa runaka.Okiside ya magnesium ikorwa mugihe amazi na hydrogène chloride yabuze mugihe cyo gushyushya.Gushonga buhoro muri acetone, gushonga mumazi, Ethanol, methanol, pyridine.Itanga kandi igatera umwotsi mu kirere gitose, kandi ikagabanuka iyo ari cyera gishyushye mumigezi ya gaze ya hydrogen.
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4A Zeolite
Ni aside isanzwe ya alumino-silicike, ubutare bwumunyu mu gutwika, kubera amazi ari muri kristu birukanwa, bikabyara ibintu bisa no kubyimba no guteka, bita "ibuye ritetse" mumashusho, bita "zeolite" ”, Yakoreshejwe nk'umufasha wa fosifate udafite ibikoresho, aho kuba sodium tripolyphosphate;Muri peteroli no mu zindi nganda, ikoreshwa nko gukama, kubura amazi no kweza imyuka n’amazi, ndetse no kuba umusemburo no koroshya amazi.
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Acide ya Citric
Ni acide yingirakamaro, kirisiti itagira ibara, idafite impumuro nziza, ifite uburyohe bukomeye, gushonga byoroshye mumazi, cyane cyane munganda zibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, birashobora gukoreshwa nkibintu bisharira, ibirungo hamwe no kubungabunga, kubungabunga, bishobora no gukoreshwa muri uruganda rukora imiti, kwisiga nka antioxydants, plasitike, detergent, acide citric anhydrous irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubucuruzi bwibiribwa n'ibinyobwa.
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Sodium Silicate
Sodium silikatike ni ubwoko bwa silikatike idasanzwe, izwi nka pyrophorine.Na2O · nSiO2 ikorwa no guta byumye ni nini kandi ibonerana, naho Na2O · nSiO2 ikorwa no kuzimya amazi atose ni granular, ishobora gukoreshwa gusa iyo ihinduwe mumazi Na2O · nSiO2.Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya Na2O · nSiO2 ni: ① byinshi bikomeye, solid ifu yifu, ③ ako kanya sodium silicike, ④ amazi ya sodium metasilicate, ⑤ sodium pentahydrate metasilicate, ⑥ sodium orthosilicate.
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Sodium Dihydrogen Fosifate
Imwe mu myunyu ya sodium ya acide ya fosifori, umunyu wa aside ya organic organique, ushonga mumazi, hafi yo kudashonga muri Ethanol.Sodium dihydrogen fosifate ni ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora sodium hempetaphosphate na sodium pyrophosphate.Nibara ritagira ibara rya monoclinic prismatic kristal hamwe nubucucike bwa 1.52g / cm².
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Dibasic Sodium Fosifate
Nimwe mumunyu wa sodium ya acide fosifori.Ni ifu yera ya deliquescent, gushonga mumazi, kandi igisubizo cyamazi ni alkaline nkeya.Disodium hydrogène fosifate iroroshye ikirere mu kirere, ku bushyuhe bwicyumba gishyirwa mu kirere gutakaza amazi agera kuri 5 ya kirisitu kugira ngo habeho heptahydrate, yashyutswe kugeza 100 ℃ kugira ngo amazi yose ya kirisitu ahindurwe mu bintu bidafite imbaraga, kubora muri sodium pyrophosifate kuri 250 ℃.
